Perceptions and Factors Associated with Adherence to Cervical Cancer Screening Among Women in a Brazilian Municipality

Abstract

Background: Cervical Cancer (CC) is among the diseases with the greatest impact on female mortality worldwide. In Brazil, estimates from the National Cancer Institute for the 2020–2022 triennium indicate approximately 16,590 new cases, corresponding to an estimated risk of 15.43 cases per 100,000 women per year during this period. Objective: To analyse factors associated with knowledge and adherence to cervical cancer screening (PCCU) among women living in the municipality of Ananindeua – PA in the Brazilian Municipality. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study was conducted with 100 women interviewed in a public setting. A structured questionnaire was applied through direct interviews, covering sociodemographic variables and questions related to knowledge and practice of the PCCU. Data were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis, with a significance level of 5%. Results: Most participants were between 18 and 29 years old, single, had children, and predominantly used public health services. Educational level showed a significant association with knowledge about the PCCU (p=0.004). Although 91% had undergone the test at least once, only 63% did so regularly. Barriers such as discomfort during the procedure and the influence of the professional’s gender were reported. Conclusion: Although most women demonstrated knowledge and had already undergone the test, regular adherence remains limited, particularly among groups with lower educational levels. Continuous educational initiatives and strategies to humanise care may expand screening coverage and contribute to reducing the incidence of cervical cancer in the region.