Medication Error and Intramuscular Extravasation of Vinblastine: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Abstract

Extravasation accidents involving vesicant chemotherapy products can lead to severe local tissue damage and long-term functional impairment. Intramuscular (IM) extravasation is particularly concerning due to potential deep tissue damage and limited accessibility for treatment. We present a case report of an IM extravasation accident with vinblastine instead of asparaginase in a 15-year-old patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia B. The patient did not report immediate symptoms, the MRI scans was not available immediately and the management lack of untoward recommendations. options include monitoring, saline flash out and surgical debridement. We opted for saline flash out due to the amount, the nature of the product and the location and risk of further damage. The patient showed successful recovery without further complications during a six-month follow-up. A review of the literature revealed limited number of cases reports of IM extravasation a 4 case reports in 6 patients not including our case. Treatment decisions depend on factors such as the extravasation location, drug amount, and patient health. Understanding the risk of IM extravasation and selecting appropriate management strategies are crucial for minimizing complications and promoting positive outcomes.