Tenofovir Induced Acute Kidney Injury in HIV Infected Patient

Abstract

Tenofovir is an antiretroviral drug used in combination with other antiretroviral agents. It is an effective therapy for HIV infection. Kidney injury induced by this drug has been known to occur in the HIV positive patients. When given in titrated doses, it is safe and should be combined with regular monitoring of renal function and serum phosphate levels. We present a case report of Tenofovir induced nephropathy in a patient diagnosed to have acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 8 years ago and was on TDF based anti‑retroviral therapy. The patient had normal serum creatinine, normal blood glucose levels, raised serum bilirubin and amylase levels, mild anemia with glycosuria and proteinuria. Renal biopsy revealed normal glomeruli with dilated proximal tubules and attenuation of brush border. Our case reverted back to normal upon withdrawal of drug.  We present this case to emphasize that the clinician should be aware of TDF induced acute kidney injury (AKI) presentation.