Evaluating the Response of Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus (L.) to Organic and Inorganic Fertilization in Makurdi, Southern Guinea Savannah, Nigeria

Abstract

Watermelon consumption in Nigeria is on the increase due to increasing awareness of its nutritional value while its production is on the decrease due to inefficiency of resource management (inputs like fertilizers). This study aims to optimize watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) production through the use of organic and inorganic fertilizers. The field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm of Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University, Makurdi in the 2019 cropping season under rain-fed conditions. The site falls within the Latitude 7°4'1N and Longitude 8°3'7E at an elevation of about 97m above sea level in the Southern Guinea Savanna Agro-ecological Zone of Nigeria. The experiment treatments, namely and they were T1 (Control 0kg/ha), T2 (150 kg/ha Compost), T3 (200 kg/ha Compost), T4 (250 kg/ha Compost) and T5 (300 kg/ha NPK 20:10:10) laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. The study revealed that in comparison with control treatments, 300 kg/ha NPK 20:10:10 produced (31.04t/ha) fruit yield, the application of 250 kg/ha compost enhanced growth and yield parameters of watermelon with fruit yield of (17.65t/ha). The research findings suggest that using compost manure at the rate of 250 kg/ha for watermelon production is viable since it is economical and environmentally friendly alternative to NPK fertilizer due to it cheap and easy to prepare methods, its beneficial effects on soil, groundwater and the environment. It is further recommended that, in Makurdi, smallholder farmers, should adopt the application of compost at the rate of 250 kg/ha for optimum yield