Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis for Renal Failure in Children: An Emergency Life-saving Procedure

Abstract

Background: Pediatric renal failure presents a critical healthcare challenge, necessitating effective renal replacement therapies. Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) has emerged as a preferred modality, particularly in children, due to its feasibility for home-based care. This study explores continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis effectiveness, associated complications, and clinical outcomes in pediatric patients. Objective: To study the role of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in children with acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease Methods: A prospective study was conducted at J.N. Medical College, KLES Dr. P.K. Hospital & MRC, Belagavi over a period of 2 years 8 months. Seven children, aged 1 month to 18 years, requiring continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis due to declining renal function unresponsive to other treatments, were enrolled. CAPD catheters were surgically inserted, and caregivers received comprehensive training for home-based dialysis. Patients were monitored for renal function recovery, complications, and treatment outcomes. Results: Out of the seven cases, three patients recovered renal function and successfully discontinued CAPD, two continued CAPD while awaiting transplantation, one developed peritonitis requiring catheter removal, and one succumbed to septicemia. Conclusion: CAPD is an effective alternative for pediatric renal failure, providing long-term management and bridging patients to kidney transplantation. Increasing awareness and caregiver training can further enhance CAPD outcomes in children.