Reproduction Control in Coptodon zillii using Abrus precatorius Root Bark Diets as Fertility Inhibitor Agent

Abstract

The antifertility effects of Abrus precatorius root bark meal (APRB) on Coptodon zillii juvenile was determined by a 42 days feeding experiment, with the inclusion levels of 0g, 6g, 12g, 18g and 24g/kg diet. Water volume of 20 litres in a plastic tank (50cm x 27cm x 35 cm dimension) was maintained throughout the period of experiment. Coptodon zillii was fed at 4% body weight. In male fish, testis weight, milt volume, milt count and motility duration reduced with increase in inclusion level and there were significant differences (P<0.05) in the treatments used. Histology of testis at 0g of APRB/kg diet showed primary and secondary spermatocytes in the seminiferous tubule, connective tissue was clearly seen. In treatments 6g, 12g, 18g and 24g APRB/kg diets, there were increase in interstitial cell, eroded connective tissue and necrosis. In female fish, ovary weight, fecundity, relative fecundity and gonadosomatic index reduced with increase in the concentration of treatments used. Histology of the ovary at 0g APRB/kg diet showed developing oocytes while treatments 6g, 12g, 18g and 24g revealed reduced oocytes, increase in interstitial cell, alteration in ovary development and necrosis. The research revealed that Abrus precatorius root bark meal may be effective in controlling reproduction in Coptodon zillii.