Insights into Pterospermum acerifolium (L) Willd: A Rare Gem of Central Indian Flora

Abstract

Pterospermum acerifolium, commonly known as the Dinner Plate Tree, possesses a diverse range of pharmacological properties, attracting attention in both traditional and modern medicine. This study extensively reviews the phytochemical constituents, pharmacological activities, distribution, botany, conservation, and cultivation aspects of this rare tree species thriving in central India. The comprehensive literature review includes searches in databases like PubMed, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Springer Nature, using various keyword combinations. Non-traditional sources, such as websites and theses, provide additional insights. Phytochemical investigations unveil various compounds, including phytoceramides, acylated phytosterol glucosides, flavones, flavonoids, triterpenoids, phenolic compounds, and glycosides. The plant's pharmacological activities span antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anticancer, analgesic, antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic, antinociceptive, antiulcer, hepatoprotective, immunosuppressive, and wound healing effects, supported by various studies showcasing its efficacy in addressing diverse health issues. The study stresses the importance of scientific evaluation for a deeper understanding of its therapeutic potential and identifies active constituents. Beyond medicinal uses, it holds cultural, ornamental, and practical significance, being utilized in landscaping, religious rituals, and small-scale woodworking. The review also provides insights into taxonomy, distribution, habitat, ecology, and conservation status. In conclusion, Pterospermum acerifolium emerges as a botanical marvel with significant pharmacological potential, and the integration of traditional knowledge with scientific studies emphasizes the exploration of natural compounds for therapeutic applications. The paper aims to offer a holistic understanding of Pterospermum acerifolium, contributing to broader knowledge and conservation efforts for this distinctive central Indian tree.