Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Increase in Citrate and KCl Consumption during Morphine Withdrawal Period is Associated with Reduced Levels of Zinc and Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor, and Poor Neurogenesis in Male Isolated Rats

Hamidreza Famitafreshi, Morteza Karimian, Masoud Afshari

Annual Research & Review in Biology · pp. 1–14 · Published 2 Sep 2016

10.9734/ARRB/2016/28084

Abstract

Introduction: Sustained remission from substance abuse is often difficult to achieve. However, there are certain factors that may predict the remission from substance dependence during drug withdrawal period. The aim of this study was to assess the possible predictors and patterns associated with drug abuse remission. Methods and Materials: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups 1) socialized group 2) isolated group 3) withdrawal-socialized group 4) withdrawal-isolated group. Rats first received morphine for 7 days and then, were withdrawn from it. BrdU (5-bromo-2’- deoxyuridine) was injected from day 1 to day 14 of the experiment. At the end of the experiment, BDNF, MDA and zinc levels were assessed. We used Open-Field Test (OFT) to study drug sensitization and anxiety levels. Furthermore, citrate and KCl consumption, mood state, and neurogenesis were also evaluated. Results: Zinc and BDNF levels were markedly higher is withdrawal-socialized group. Furthermore, withdrawal-isolated group consumed more citrate and KCl and demonstrated more drug sensitization than the withdrawal-socialized group. In addition, anxiety, MDA, and corticosterone levels were significantly elevated in withdrawal-isolated rats. Both socialized groups had more BrdU-positive cells as compared to isolated groups. Conclusion: Socialization during the withdrawal period may facilitate remission from drug abuse and improve neurogenesis.

Withdrawal isolated remission socialization neurogenesis BDNF citrate KCl corticosterone zinc and lipid peroxidation.

References (36)

  1. 1 Neurogenesis in the Striatum of the Adult Human Brain [DOI]
  2. 2 Evidence for neurogenesis in the adult mammalian substantia nigra [DOI]
  3. 3 Role of copper in human neurological disorders [DOI]
  4. 4 Social isolation rearing‐induced impairment of the hippocampal neurogenesis is associated with deficits in spatial memory and emotion‐related behaviors in juvenile mice [DOI]
  5. 5 Stimulation of the Ventral Subiculum of the Hippocampus Evokes Glutamate Receptor‐mediated Changes in Dopamine Efflux in the Rat Nucleus Accumbens [DOI]
  6. 6 Chronic intestinal inflammation alters hippocampal neurogenesis [DOI]
  7. 7 Adult neurogenesis: a substrate for experience-dependent change [DOI]
  8. 8 Long-Lasting Adaptations of the NR2B-Containing NMDA Receptors in the Dorsomedial Striatum Play a Crucial Role in Alcohol Consumption and Relapse [DOI]
  9. 9 Higher BDNF serum levels predict slower cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease patients [DOI]
  10. 10 Opiates, psychostimulants, and adult hippocampal neurogenesis: Insights for addiction and stem cell biology [DOI]
  11. 11 Zinc and Neurogenesis: Making New Neurons from Development to Adulthood [DOI]
  12. 12 Prolactin Prevents Chronic Stress-Induced Decrease of Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis and Promotes Neuronal Fate [DOI]
  13. 13 Withdrawal from Chronic Nicotine Exposure Alters Dopamine Signaling Dynamics in the Nucleus Accumbens [DOI]
  14. 14 Enduring increases in anxiety‐like behavior and rapid nucleus accumbens dopamine signaling in socially isolated rats [DOI]
  15. 15 Epigenetic basis of opiate suppression of Bdnf gene expression in the ventral tegmental area [DOI]
  16. 16 Long-term social isolation exacerbates the impairment of spatial working memory in APP/PS1 transgenic mice [DOI]
  17. 17 Zinc monotherapy increases serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and decreases depressive symptoms in overweight or obese subjects: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial [DOI]
  18. 18 Oxytocin Reverses Amphetamine-Induced Deficits in Social Bonding: Evidence for an Interaction with Nucleus Accumbens Dopamine [DOI]
  19. 19 Testosterone and social isolation influence adult neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus of male rats [DOI]
  20. 20 Pleasure and Addiction [DOI]
  21. 21 Injections of N‐methyl‐D‐aspartate into the ventral hippocampus increase extracellular dopamine in the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens [DOI]
  22. 22 Induction of a Salt Appetite Alters Dendritic Morphology in Nucleus Accumbens and Sensitizes Rats to Amphetamine [DOI]
  23. 23 In Vitro Antioxidant Activities of Sulfated Derivatives of Polysaccharides Extracted from Auricularia auricular [DOI]
  24. 24 Treatment Approaches for Interoceptive Dysfunctions in Drug Addiction [DOI]
  25. 25 Comparison of ethanol locomotor sensitization in adolescent and adult DBA/2J mice [DOI]
  26. 26 Adult Hippocampal Neurogenesis in Depression: Behavioral Implications and Regulation by the Stress System [DOI]
  27. 27 Oxidative stress and BDNF as possible markers for the severity of crack cocaine use in early withdrawal [DOI]
  28. 28 Protective effects of forced exercise against nicotine-induced anxiety, depression and cognition impairment in rat [DOI]
  29. 29 Nucleus accumbens neuronal maturation differences in young rats bred for low versus high voluntary running behaviour [DOI]
  30. 30 Accumbal dopamine D2 receptor function is associated with individual variability in ethanol behavioral sensitization [DOI]
  31. 31 Differential Contribution of Hippocampal Subfields to Components of Associative Taste Learning [DOI]
  32. 32 Variation in substance use relapse episodes among adolescents: A longitudinal investigation [DOI]
  33. 33 Bioavailability of Iron, Zinc, Folate, and Vitamin C in the Iris Multi-Micronutrient Supplement: Effect of Combination with a Milk-Based Cornstarch Porridge [DOI]
  34. 34 Activity-dependent change in the protein level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor but no change in other neurotrophins in the visual cortex of young and adult ferrets [DOI]
  35. 35 Licking for taste solutions by potassium-deprived rats: Specificity and mechanisms [DOI]
  36. 36 Improve in Neurogenesis with Socialization can Reduce Behaviors that are Related to Poor Prognosis in Withdrawal Period in Male Rats

Cited by 2

Showing 1 of 2 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

30

Page views

0

PDF downloads

3

Outbound clicks

2

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.