Immunohistochemical Expression Pattern of Brac 1 and Progesterone Receptors among Female Breast Cancer Patient in Bayelsa State

Abstract

Breast cancer is a diverse disease that exhibits a variety of clinicopathological features that influence how it behaves and how it is treated. This study looked at progesterone receptor (PR) expression in breast cancer cases and its associations with sociodemographic and clinicopathological factors in the state of Bayelsa. Examining a total of 75 female breast cancer patients, we considered age, histologic type, cancer stage, and tumour grade. The  mean age of  diagnosis is 45 years. The most frequent histological type, according to general trends, was invasive ductal carcinoma (72%). Although the PR expression was generally more positive in older patients, there was no statistically significant difference. Invasive lobular tumours showed a higher PR positive rate. Earlier studies on this subtype of cancer patients' features have been confirmed. Although there were differences in the percentage of PR positive patients depending on the stage of the disease, no statistically significant associations between PR expression and cancer stages were discovered. Tumours with moderate differentiation tended to express more PR, according to analysis of tumour grade. Notably, there was found to be a statistically significant link between the existence of a BRCA1 mutation and PR expression (p 0.001), suggesting that there may be a connection between BRCA1 mutations and PR expression in breast cancer. The results of this analysis help us understand the characteristics of breast cancer in the studied population. By studying the relationship between PR expression and demographic and clinicopathological traits, we provide a full understanding of PR's role in breast cancer. These results show the usefulness of using a range of factors to comprehend breast cancer behaviour and guide tailored treatment approaches. To validate these associations and enhance the therapy of breast cancer, more extensive studies are needed.