Growth Performance of Crossbred Calves Fed a Conventional and Total Mixed Ration with Varying Concentrate Level
Poojan H. Pandya, Pravin M. Lunagariya, Jigar H. Patel, Palak P. Vaidh, Malhar R. Khant, Dilip C. Patel, Kishan N. Wadhwani
Current Journal of Applied Science and Technology · pp. 10–16 · Published 10 Nov 2022
10.9734/cjast/2022/v41i403986Abstract
Aim: The experiment was planned to investigate the effect of different concentrate to roughage ratios and conventional feeding systems in total mixed ration on nutrient intake, water intake, growth, feed conversion, and cost of feeding in crossbred dairy calves. Place and Duration of Study: The present study was carried out at Livestock Research Station, Anand Agricultural University, Anand, Gujarat for a period of 84 days. Methodology: A total of 24 healthy (8 days old) preweaned (HF×Kankrej) crossbred calves were distributed randomly into the four experimental treatments. The calves of the T1 (control) group were fed with the conventional system and group T2, T3, and T4 groups were fed TMR with the concentrate roughage ratio of 85:15, 75:25, and 65:35, respectively. The feed intake, growth, feed conversion, and cost of feeding the crossbred calves were recorded. Results: The daily, percent, and metabolic body weight basis intake of dry matter (DM), total digestible nutrients (TDN), and water intake was significantly (p<0.05) lower in the TMR feeding system than conventional feeding in crossbred calves. The initial and final body weight (kg), height at withers, heart girth, and body length (cm) did not differ significantly among the treatments. Total and daily body weight gain of crossbred calves were significantly higher with T4 TMR (65:35 ratio) compared to the conventional system of feeding. The requirement of dry matter to gain each kilogram of live weight was significantly lower in the 65:35 ratio (T4) group compared to the control group (T1). The calves of the T4 group showed a 21.81% (Rs 73.55/kg weight gain) lower cost of feeding as compared to the T1 group. Conclusion: The feeding TMR with concentrate to roughage ratio of 65:35 (T4) resulted in reduced dry matter, TDN, and water intake with better weight gain and feed conversion compared to the convention (T1) feeding system with a 21.81 percent reduction in feed cost.
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