Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Glucose Enzymatic Modulation by Vernonia amygdalina in Streptozotocin- Diabetic Wistar Rats

Anthony Emeka Ojieh, Anthony C. Okolo, Lawrence O. Ewhre, Ikenna P. Njoku, John C. Igweh, Patrick C. Aloamaka

Journal of Advances in Medicine and Medical Research · pp. 1–14 · Published 12 Apr 2016

10.9734/BJMMR/2016/24900

Abstract

The present study examines the effect of some bioactive constituents of Vernonia amygdalina crude extract and fractions on enzymes involved in glucose metabolism and treatment of Diabetes Mellitus. Fresh Vernonia amygdalina leaves were extracted using ethanol. Four fractions from this extract were obtained by liquid-liquid fractionation technique using solvents of varying polarity and the bioactive compounds were identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrum (GC-MS) analysis. Resultant fractions were administered at 300 mg/kgBW to streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) induced diabetic wistar rats. The results shows that various fractions produced a fall in the fasting blood glucose level in diabetic rats; Chloroform (65.85%), ethyl acetate (69.65%) Benzene (45.59%) and Butanol (37.31%) and all fractions showed increase in the activity of glucose metabolic enzymes (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and Diaphorase (NADPH) between 20–81%, significantly higher than that of the metformin (reference drug at 50 mg/kg). Administration of Crude ethanolic leaf extracts of Vernonia amygdalina at dose of 300 mg/kg produced a fall (81.45%) in the fasting blood glucose level and subsequent increase in glucose metabolic enzyme activity (hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH) and Diaphorase (NADPH) (20–35%) in the diabetic Wistar rats after 28 days of treatment. GC-MS analysis showed that the plant and its fractions possess hypoglycaemic bioactive constituents such as Phytol, Palmitic acid, stearic acid and oxirane. The findings suggest that Vernonia amygdalina extract reduced the hyperglycaemic effect of streptozotocin-induced diabetes through its effect on glucose metabolism by promoting enzymes of the glycolytic and the pentose phosphate pathway, a property attributable to its active chemical constituents.

Vernonia amygdalina fractions glucose metabolism streptozotocin diabetes

References (25)

  1. 1 The Rising Global Burden of Diabetes and its Complications: Estimates and Projections to the Year 2010 [DOI]
  2. 2 Antidiabetic plants and their active constituents [DOI]
  3. 3 Induction of diabetes by Streptozotocin in rats [DOI]
  4. 4 The Rising Global Burden of Diabetes and its Complications: Estimates and Projections to the Year 2010 [DOI]
  5. 5 The Role of Oxidative Stress in Diabetic Complications [DOI]
  6. 6 The Hexokinase and Phosphoglucoisomerase Activities of Aortic and Pulmonary Artery Tissue in Individuals of Various Ages [DOI]
  7. 7 Role of Selected Indian Plants in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Review [DOI]
  8. 8 Efficacy of aqueous leaf extract of vernonia amygdalina on plasma lipoprotein and oxidative status in diabetic rat models.
  9. 9 Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant Activities of Vernonia amygdalina on Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatic Damage in Mice [DOI]
  10. 10 The Insulin Resistance Epidemic in India: Fetal Origins, Later Lifestyle, or Both? [DOI]
  11. 11 Use of Vernonia amygdalina by wild chimpanzee: Possible roles of its bitter and related constituents [DOI]
  12. 12 Change in the lipid profile, lipogenic and related enzymes in the livers of experimental diabetic rats: effect of insulin and vanadate [DOI]
  13. 13 The Analgesic and Antiplasmodial Activities and Toxicology of Vernonia amygdalina [DOI]
  14. 14 Effect of Biophytum sensitivum on streptozotocin and nicotinamide-induced diabetic rats [DOI]
  15. 15 Antidiabetic effect of ethanolic leaf extract of Phyllanthus amarus in alloxan induced diabetic mice
  16. 16 Hypoglycemic indices of Vernonia amygdalina on postprandial blood glucose concentration of healthy humans [DOI]
  17. 17 Vernonia amygdalina simultaneously suppresses gluconeogenesis and potentiates glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate pathway in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats [DOI]
  18. 18 Amelioration of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity by terpenoid extract from leaves of Vernonia amydgalina.
  19. 19 Hypoglycemic activity of Lagerstroemia speciosa L. extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat: Underlying mechanism of action [DOI]
  20. 20 Preliminary Phytochemical Screening, Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Properties of Celosia isertii [DOI]
  21. 21 Effect of Activity Directed Fractions of Vernonia amygdalina on Total Body Weight and Blood Glucose Levels of Diabetic Wistar Albino Rats
  22. 22 Hemolytic Anemias [DOI]
  23. 23 Indian Journal of Clinical Biochemistry [DOI]
  24. 24 International Journal on Science and Technology [DOI]
  25. 25 Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase [DOI]

Cited by 4

Antidiabetic effects of aqueous leaf extract of Vernonia amygdalina on serum liver markers in streptozotocin-induced diabetic albino Rats: a new data to support its Anti-diabetic effect

Falae Esther Adekemi, Jayesinmi Kikelomo Folake, Falae Philips Omowumi · Clinical Phytoscience · 2024

Showing 1 of 4 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

14

Page views

0

PDF downloads

9

Outbound clicks

4

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.