Extraction, Phytochemical Screening and Antioxidant Potential of Hydroalcoholic Extract of Viola odorata Linn

Abstract

Bioactive chemicals found in medicinal plants are used to treat a variety of human ailments and serve a vital part in healing. Alkaloids, flavonoids, phenol, saponin, steroids, and tannins are examples of secondary components. Anticancer, antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-diuretic, and anti-inflammation properties are all found in medicinal plants. The growing interest in secondary metabolites' significant biological action has highlighted the need of assessing their presence in therapeutic plants. Viola odorata (Viola odorata, Violaceae) is a Viola species native to Europe and Asia that has recently been introduced to North America and Australasia. In India, the plant is known as Banafsa, Banafsha, or Banaksa, and it's often used to treat sore throats and tonsillitis. It was known to be used to treat cancer-related pain. It has traditionally been used to treat anxiety, sleeplessness, and high blood pressure. Alkaloids, glycosides, saponins, methyl slicylate, mucilage, and vitamin C are all found in it. Antioxidant, analgesic, antihypertensive, and diuretic properties have been documented for the plant. The goal of this research is to identify phytochemicals, assess phenolic and flavonoid content, and measure the antioxidant potential of V. odorata flowers. The well-known test methodology was used to determine qualitative analysis of various phytochemical elements as well as quantitative analysis of total phenol and flavonoids. The antioxidant activity of a hydroalcoholic extract of V. odorata flowers was tested in vitro using the 1,1-diphenyl, 2-picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay and the hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging technique. Phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, and other phytochemicals were discovered by phytochemical investigation. The total phenolic and flavonoids content of the hydroalcoholic extract of V. odorata flower was 0.521 and 0.637 mg/100 mg, respectively. In the investigated models, the extract showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging properties. For the DPPH technique, the IC50 value of V. odorata floral extract was 109.78g/ml, which was close to that of ascorbic acid (IC50=27.82g/ml). The IC50 value for hydrogen peroxide was discovered to be 85.85g/ml, which compares well to ascorbic acid (IC50=16.48g/ml). The present study describes the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of V. odorata flower which will further used for medicinal applications.