Exploring Ethnobotanical and Pharmacological Aspects of Traditional Medicinal Plants in Somalia

Abstract

Traditional medicinal plants play a vital role in healthcare, particularly in developing countries where they are used by 80% of the population. In Somalia, with its rich biodiversity, traditional medicine is essential due to limited access to formal medical infrastructure and a prevalent nomadic lifestyle. This study aims to evaluate the ethnomedicinal and pharmacological properties of traditional medicinal plants in Somalia's Lower Shabelle Region and document their usage by the local population. Data were collected through field walks, interviews, and market surveys, focusing on plant species, local names, parts used, and usage methods. The findings highlight that traditional remedies are integral to local healthcare, addressing common ailments such as fever, sore throats, respiratory issues, and skin conditions. Among the documented species, Acacia seyal emerged as the most commonly used medicinal plant, particularly valued for treating stomach ailments and general health tonics. The study underscores the need for modern research to integrate Somali traditional herbal medicine into contemporary healthcare, recognizing its potential to address serious health issues and emerging diseases.