Evaluation of Oral Health Condition among the Pregnant Females at Tertiary Care Hospital of Hyderabad, Sindh

Abstract

Background: Gestational is special and interesting period for every woman that covers the physiological hormonal changes and leads to the development of new healthy life. Changes in hormones during pregnancy may alter the physiological conditions that impose the bad impact of different body parts including gastric and oral health of the mother. Oral health plays an important role for maintaining normal and healthy life of human being and if any disease or disorder appeared within the oral cavity, it may leads to severity of disease and disturbed normal routine life. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the condition of oral health during gestational period. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross sectional study was carried out for the period of six months at Department of Gynecology & Obstetrics ward, Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro and females with positive pregnancy were included in the study and total 146 females were selected, after the signature on informed consent form. Medical history was taken in order to ensure any major disease or medication affecting oral health. Results: After collection of proper data from all participants, the results were finalized, 19 females were belonging to age group of 18-21years, and 51 females belong to 26-29 years. 47 females had good OHI-S score, 59 had fair OHI-S score. 31 female had 1st trimester, 81 females had 2nd trimester and 34 had 3rd trimester. 19 females had normal PI index, 94 had simple gingivitis and 33 females had periodontitis. Conclusion: It was important to maintain good oral hygiene before and during pregnancy, so as to prevent the occurrence of periodontal disease and to avert the irreparable damage that may arise during the period of pregnancy.