Evaluation of Advanced F4 Groundnut Breeding Lines for Chlorosis Tolerance, Morphological and Yield Parameters under Lime-induced Iron Chlorosis Condition

Abstract

Iron deficiency chlorosis, a major physiological disorder affecting the groundnut production worldwide and is prevalent in alkaline and calcareous soils with a pH of 7.5 to 8.5. Identifying and developing a chlorosis tolerant genotype is the best solution to overcome this major abiotic stress in calcareous soils. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad, in June, 2019 under rainfed conditions to evaluate a set of sixteen advanced breeding lines along with three parents of groundnut checks for chlorosis tolerance, morphological and yield parameters. Associated traits like SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) and visual chlorotic rating (VCR) were assessed to evaluate the chlorosis tolerance. Among the parents, lime induced iron chlorosis (LIIC) tolerant parent, ICGV 86031 had recorded higher SCMR value and lower VCR (35.62 and 2.40, respectively) at 60 DAS with lower plant height, higher number of branches per plant, total dry matter production and pod yield (19.27cm, 5.20, 9.34g and 9.21g, respectively) at harvest compared to LIIC susceptible parents. However, among the derived breeding lines, TIP 16-5 recorded higher SCMR value and lower VCR (28.82 and 1.72, respectively) at 60 DAS with higher plant height, number of branches and total dry matter (26.29 cm, 5.33 and 12.80g, respectively) at harvest over the respective susceptible parent TMV 2. Further, TIP 16-5 and JIP 29-14 recorded about 50.47 and 31.46 per cent increased pod yield over their susceptible parents. These results indicate introgression of dry matter production, pod yield and chlorosis tolerance from the tolerant parent.