Evaluating Coastal Communities' Sea Level Rise Adaptation Plans in Nigeria's Niger Delta

Abstract

With a focus on Opobo/Nkoro communities, this study examines the adaptation tactics used by coastal communities in Nigeria's Niger Delta Region in response to sea level rise. Nigeria's low-lying coastal areas are increasingly at risk from sea level rise, but little is known about how the local population will adjust. Assessing shoreline changes over time and evaluating community-level responses to the continuous effects of coastal erosion and inundation were the objectives of the study. Using a combination of physical, socioeconomic, and participatory GIS data, a qualitative research methodology was chosen. Shoreline evolution over both short-term (2015–2020) and long-term (1984–2020) periods was evaluated using remotely sensed imagery. With a total average linear regression rate (LRR) of -2.7 ± 0.18 m/year from 1984 to 2020 and -3.94 ± 1.28 m/year between 2015 and 2020, the shoreline change analysis's findings showed steady erosional trends. These results support the idea that sea level rise is to blame for the gradual coastal retreat. Furthermore, survey information was gathered from 384 randomly chosen household heads in various residential densities in order to investigate socioeconomic characteristics, awareness levels, and adaptation tactics. According to the analysis, residents took a variety of actions, such as moving away from high-risk areas, fixing or replacing damaged property, and urging the government and neighborhood organizations to build more drainage systems. According to the study, these adaptation techniques differed greatly depending on socioeconomic status and residential density. The results highlight how urgently localized, integrated climate change adaptation policies are needed. To improve the absorptive, adaptive, and transformative capacities of coastal households in the area, policymakers are advised to give priority to awareness campaigns and the execution of community-based adaptation measures.