Environmental Sustainability Assessment of Cage Fish Farming in Kerala’s Backwaters

Abstract

This case study research paper addresses the environmental impacts of cage fish farming in Kerala with special reference to Ernakulam district. The study has analyzed the economic viability of cage fish farming and its impact on backwaters. The study has found out that cage fish farming is an effective way of raising the fish production, sustainable utilization of water bodies, and generation of additional income to the fishermen. The study has also brought out some evidence to show the capability of cage fish farming in reverting the problem of tragedy of commons. The study has revealed that the water quality (temperature, PH, nitrate and nitrite etc.) in the study area has improved to an extend over time which is evident from the water quality status reports. The study through primary data analysis found out that the cage fish farmers in the study area have taken steps to maintain the water quality, for the survival and proper breeding of their fish culture and thereby trying to maximize their profit from cage fish farming. The study has found out a positive correlation between fish farming and sustainability of common areas (especially the lakes) in the study area unlike the problems of Commons mentioned by Garrett Hardin in his theory “The tragedy of commons”. The study recommends strengthening waste management procedures, implementing community-based monitoring, and ensuring adherence to scientific recommendations for stocking and feeding to enhance water quality and secure a sustainable future for the backwaters.