Effects of Compost Biomass Using Mango (Mangifera indica) Combined with Popularized Mineral Manure on Soil Chemical Parameters and Maize (Zea mays L.) Yield in Western Burkina Faso

Abstract

Aims: To evaluate the effects of mango leaf compost and mineral manure on soil chemistry and maize yields. Study Design: This study was conducted to assess the potential of compost derived from Mangifera indica biomass, combined with mineral manure, to enhance soil chemical properties and maize productivity in western Burkina Faso. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in Burkina Faso, over the Institute of Environment and Agricultural Research, Farako-Bâ station over twelve months. Methodology: A Fisher block design was used, comprising four (4) replicates with five (5) treatments each. A single factor was studied, focusing on organo-mineral fertilization at five (5) levels. T1: NPK (200 kg/ha) + Urea (150 kg/ha): GMF; T2: Compost (2.5 t/ha) + GMF; T3: Compost (5 t/ha) + GMF; T4: Compost (7.5 t/ha) + GMF and T5: Compost (10 t/ha) + GMF. Soil chemical and agronomic parameters of the maize were observed during the study. Results: The results showed that the different treatments did not totally positively influence soil chemical parameters and maize plant growth. However, the best results in terms of soil chemical parameters were obtained for available assimilable phosphorus and potassium before planting, with respective averages of (6.65 mg/kg and 72.14 mg/kg) and after planting by T2 (5.66 mg/kg) and T5 (58.13 mg/kg) respectively. CEC was high in treatment T3 with 3.86 Cmolc.kg-1 and saturation rate (V) was high in treatment T5 with 3.86 Cmolc.kg-1 And the saturation rate (V) was high in the T5 treatment at 59.76%. Plant growth was high, with the height at 45 days after planting by T5 (91.14 cm) The manures applied had a significant impact on maize yields. The highest biomass and grain yields came from the T5 treatment (10 t/ha compost + GMF), with 5.8 t/ha and 3.7 t/ha respectively. Conclusion: This study suggests that applying 10 t/ha of compost + GMF to improve maize productivity in the western zone of Burkina Faso. It would be interesting to continue the study in other agro-ecological zones of Burkina Faso in order to assess the impact of these fertilizers on the biological properties of the soil.