Effect of Phosphorus and Potassium on Growth and Yield of Black Gram (Phaseolus mungo L.)

Abstract

A field experiment was conducted during Zaid season 2023 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, India. The soil of the experimental field was sandy loam in texture, slightly alkaline in soil reaction (pH 8), low level of organic carbon (0.28%), available N (219 kg/ha), P (11.6 kg/ha) and K (217.2 kg/ha). The experiment was conducted in randomized block design consisting of 10 treatments with 3 different levels of phosphorus 40 kg/ha, 50 kg/ha, 60 kg/ha and different levels of potassium 25, 30 and 35 with three replications and the treatments were allocated randomly in each replication. On the topic “Effect of phosphorus and potassium on growth and yield of black gram (Phaseolus mungo L.)”. The results showed that T9 with the application of phosphorus (60 kg/ha) + potassium (35 kg/ha) recorded significantly higher plant height (43.81cm), higher plant nodules (40.11), higher plant dry weight (8 g), maximum crop growth rate (8.5 g/m2/day), maximum number of pods/plant (36.61), higher seed yield (1115.62 t/ha) compared to other treatments. The maximum gross returns (98297.69 INR/ha), maximum net returns (64701.09 INR/ha) and benefit ratio (1.93) was recorded in T9 with the application of phosphorus (60kg/ha) + potassium (35 kg/ha) as compared to other treatments. Minimum parameters were recorded in treatment 10 control plot with RDF 20:40:20 kg/ha NPK.