Effect of Organic and Liquid Manures on Yield, Yield Attributes and Economic of Urdbean

Abstract

A field experiment was carried out in 2020 kharif season, on loamy sand soil at the S.K.N. College of Agriculture's Agronomy Farm in Jobner (Rajasthan). It included two foliar sprays of each of four liquid manures (control, 100% RDP panchgavya @ 5%, 100% RDP vermiwash @ 10%, and 100% RDP cow urine @ 5%), totaling sixteen treatment combinations. It included four treatments of organic manures (control, 100% RDP through FYM, through vermicompost, and through poultry manure) and two foliar sprays of each of four liquid manures. Three replications of the experiment were set up using a Randomized Block Design.  'Krishna' variety of urdbean was sown as on July 13, 2020, a test crop with a 30-cm row spacing. The results showed that two foliar sprays of 5% panchgavya were the most effective liquid manure treatment in raising the maximum seed production (942 kg/ha), straw yield (2,121 kg/ha), and biological yield (3,063 kg/ha) of urdbean. The highest levels of nitrogen, phosphorous, and potassium were found in seed and straw under this liquid manure treatment, which was comparable to two foliar sprays of 10% vermiwash. However, applying 100% RDP through FYM was the most lucrative strategy, for obtaining higher yield, net returns of '36,314/ha and a B:C ratio of 2.68. Foliar spraying with 5% panchgavya also generated an extra 36,798/ha in net returns over the control, which had the highest B:C ratio of 2.37.