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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Effect of HIV Infection and Antiretroviral Therapy Duration on CD4 Count, Total and Differential White Cell Count

C. O. Okeke, G. I. Amilo, M. O. Ifeanyichukwu, E. O. Obi, A. C. Okeke, N. C. Ibeh

International STD Research & Reviews · pp. 14–22 · Published 27 Dec 2014

10.9734/ISRR/2015/12358

Abstract

Aims: To assess CD4 counts, total and differential white cell counts in HIV positive patients on antiretroviral treatment (ART) and those not on antiretroviral treatments with varying durations of infection. Study Design: Case-control study. Place and Duration of Study: Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital Nnewi, Nigeria from March to August 2013. Methodology: We included 181 subjects; sixty HIV patients on ART with infection duration of <1 – 5, >5 – 8 and >8 – 17 years and ART duration of <1 – 5, >5 – 8 and >8 – 17 years; sixty HIV patients not on ART with an infection duration of <1 – 3, >3 – 6 and >6 – 11years; and sixty-one apparently healthy individuals control. CD4 counts, total and differential white cell counts as well as Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) status were determined. Results: CD4 counts was significantly higher in the control compared to the ART and non-ART and lower in HIV duration of <1 – 3 years compared to >3 – 6 years and >6 – 11 years (P<0.05). TWBC was significantly higher in non-ART compared to ART and control (P<0.05). MXD was significantly lower in control compared to ART and non-ART (P<0.05). NEUT was significantly higher in non-ART than control while LYM was higher in non-ART than ART (P<.05). TWBC was lower in <1 -3 years than >6 – 11 years both in non-ART subjects (P<.05) TWBC was also higher in female controls than male (P<.05). Conclusion: CD4 count is generally lower in HIV subjects. TWBC is elevated in non-ART, while MXD is higher in ART and non-ART subjects. There is no difference in white cell parameters for ART subjects irrespective of differences in duration of HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy.

HIV/AIDS total white cell counts differential white cell counts CD4 count antiretroviral therapy

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