Effect of Herbicidal Weed Management on Crop Growth, Weed Density, Weed Biomass, Yield and Economics of Direct Seeded Rice (Oryza sativa L.): A Review

Abstract

This review examines the impact of herbicidal weed management on crop growth, weed density, weed biomass, yield, and the economic aspects of direct-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivation. Effective weed control is critical for maximizing rice yields and promoting sustainable agricultural practices. The application of herbicides has been shown to significantly reduce weed density and biomass, which in turn enhances crop growth and increases yield potential. Moreover, herbicide use can decrease labor costs associated with manual weeding, contributing to overall economic efficiency in rice production. Economic analyses indicate that while herbicide costs can be substantial, the benefits in yield and reduced labor can result in favorable economic outcomes. This review highlights the necessity of balancing the benefits of herbicidal weed management. Future research should focus on optimizing herbicide application techniques and exploring alternative weed management practices to enhance the sustainability of rice production systems. Key results indicate that timely and appropriate herbicide application not only minimizes weed biomass but also enhances rice growth metrics, such as plant height, tiller number, and grain yield. The findings highlight the critical role of herbicidal weed management in mitigating weed-related challenges in direct-seeded rice systems.