Effect of Ficus umbellata (Vahl.) Leaves on Oxidative Stress in Obese Wistar Rats

Abstract

Obesity is often associated with an imbalance in oxidative status, promoting excess free radicals and impairment of endogenous antioxidant systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of Ficus umbellata leaf extracts on oxidative stress induced by a high-fat diet in obese Wistar rats. After obesity induction, the animals were orally treated with two doses of hydroalcoholic Ficus umbellata extract (200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg) for 28 days. The parameters assessed included changes in body weight, Lee index, and biochemical markers of oxidative stress (MDA, GSH, SOD, CAT) in the liver. The results showed that Ficus umbellata extract, particularly at the 400 mg/kg dose, significantly reduced weight gain and the Lee index while restoring hepatic oxidative balance. It led to a decrease in MDA levels, an increase in GSH concentrations, and improvements in SOD and catalase enzymatic activities, compared to untreated obese rats. These findings suggest a strong antioxidant and anti-obesity potential of Ficus umbellata, supporting its traditional use as a medicinal plant for managing metabolic disorders related to obesity.