Economic Analysis of Rapeseed -mustard Crop in Prayagraj District of Uttar Pradesh, India

Abstract

In the present paper, an attempt has been made to examine Rapeseed-Mustard Crop production in different categories of the farmers. The study adopted a multistage purposive sampling method, incorporating purposive and random sampling technique was employed to select the study area including the district, block, villages and farmers. Specifically, chose the Baharia block was chosen from which, five villages were selected. Using proportionate allocation, then selected a total of 100 growers i.e. Marginal 48, Small 31 and Medium 21 were surveyed.  Primary data were collected through personal interviews, using a pre-structured and pre-tested survey schedule or questionnaire. Total cultivated area of 110.04 hectares. The average farm size varies across categories: marginal farms (0.48 ha), small farms (1.45 ha), and medium farms (2.80 ha). Cropping Pattern: Paddy (29.44%), wheat (14.02%), mustard (11.21%), and moong (7.94%) are the major crops. The cropping pattern shows a significant variation in crop allocation across different farm sizes. The average cropping intensity is 194.55%, with marginal farms exhibiting the highest intensity at 222.92%. Per Farm Investment: The average investment per farm is Rs. 306,234.22, with marginal farms investing the least and medium farms the most. Investment distribution is primarily in buildings (76.91%), livestock (5.83%), and machinery (17.26%). Per Hectare Investment: The average investment per hectare is Rs. 324,262.70, with marginal farms investing the highest amount per hectare. Part B: Structure of Costs and Income. Costs of Cultivation of Rapeseed-Mustard: The highest costs are incurred by small farms (Rs. 29,464.90), followed by medium and marginal farms. Human labor, land rental value, and irrigation charges are significant components of the total cultivation cost. Per Hectare Costs and Income: Costs are categorized into six cost concepts: A1/A2, B1, B2, C1, C2, and C3, with overall averages of Rs. 12,193.65, Rs. 12,653.44, Rs. 20,153.44, Rs. 14,622.88, Rs. 22,122.88, and Rs. 24,335.17. The on an average output per hectare and Cost of production per quintal and per hectare. were 10.94 quintal and Rs. 2214.88, respectively. The basis costs for A1/A2, B1, B2, C1, C2 and C3 were recorded at 1:3.36, 1:3.22, 1:1.93, 1:2.71, 1:1.75, and 1:1.59, respectively, based on the average input-output ratio. Small farms had the greatest cost-to-output ratio 1:1.69, followed by medium1:1.37 and medium 1:1.60 farms respectively.