Ecological Uses of the Flora in the Beach Forests of Mapanas, Northern Samar, Philippines

Abstract

Beach forests contribute to coastal vegetation cover and provide resources used by local communities. This study focused on an inventory of plant species composition in the beach forests of Mapanas, Northern Samar. Specifically, it aimed to: (1) identify the plant species in the beach forests; (2) assess their ecological uses; (3) document anthropogenic activities affecting beach-forest species; and (4) measure prevailing environmental factors, including air temperature, soil temperature, average wind velocity, rainfall intensity and sunlight intensity. Across the two sampling locations, Barangays Burgos and Magtaon, 85 plant species were collected and documented. These included Fabaceae (9 species), Asteraceae (6 species), Rubiaceae (4 species), Arecaceae, Convolvulaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Malvaceae, Poaceae, Verbenaceae and Zingiberaceae (3 species each), and Cyperaceae, Menispermaceae, Moraceae, Nephrolepidaceae and Orchidaceae (2 species each); the remaining families were each represented by one species. Interview findings described the different ways in which residents rely on beach forests for their personal needs, as well as activities associated with deforestation and habitat disturbance. Measurements of environmental conditions showed some departures from the reported reference conditions, potentially reflecting the climate prevailing during sampling. Periodic measurements may help monitor environmental conditions relevant to these forests. The findings suggest that local government units should enforce environmental regulations and monitor the status of beach forests to support sustainable management and conservation.