Ecological and Economic Security through Organic Vegetable Cultivation in the Raised Bed Model: A Case Study of Akshayakalpa Organics in Tiptur, India

Abstract

This paper explores the potential role of organic vegetable production technologies in ensuring ecological and economical security for farmers. In the current scenario, the survival of farmers, especially small and marginal farmers is challenged by several problems such as low land holding, decreased subsidies for inputs, high labor cost, high input cost, less market rate, increased cost of living and increased awareness about health benefits of organic vegetable consumption among economically middle and high strata of society leads to more demand for organic vegetables. Under these conditions, diversification of the cropping system with high-value crops like vegetables can be the best option for the farmers. In this context, modern technologies and practices are needed for higher and more sustainable production and productivity of vegetables and to maintain a good ecology in the farm. The raised bed is one of the technologies in which beds are raised with a stone border and this model has several advantages for small and marginal farmers. The vegetables are grown organically in one acre of area. The average yield per month is 903.69 KG, the average gross revenue generated per month is Rs.53,783.25/- and average total expenditure per month is Rs. 21,584.35. The Average Air temperature for three months within the farm, outside of the farm (open area) and outside of the farm (shade area) is 27.49°C, 29.22°C and 28.54°C respectively. The Average soil temperature for three months within the farm, outside the farm (open area) and outside the farm (shade area) is 23.48°C, 25.54°C and 24.20°C respectively. The Average Relative Humidity for three months within the farm, outside the farm (open area) and outside the farm (shade area) is 60.42 %, 52.38 % and 54.15 % respectively. Due to buffer zone microclimate has been created inside the farm. The temperature and RH difference can be noticed within and outside of the farm. This system requires a smaller amount of labor and less water when compared to conventional farming. With all its advantages the farmer can be assured of economic and ecological security.