Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Diurnal BP Variations among Gender and Age Groups in 1000 Patients in a Cardiac Facility in The South-South Region of Nigeria

Chibuike Eze Nwafor, Crown Clement

Cardiology and Angiology: An International Journal · pp. 41–49 · Published 19 Apr 2024

10.9734/ca/2024/v13i2405

Abstract

Background: Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease globally. Office blood pressure (OBP) is standard, but Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring (ABPM) offers more comprehensive assessment, yet is underutilized in southern Nigeria. Therefore, this study aims to systematically evaluate the blood pressure variables (BPV) using ABPM in a diverse group of people in south-south Nigeria. Methods: Gender distribution and age categories were noted. ABPM variables, like average systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP), and heart rate (HR), were measured during wake and sleep. Analysis identified gender and age-related ABPM differences. Results: There were more males than females (55% vs 45%). The study revealed significant differences in blood pressure measurements between genders and age group during wake and sleep periods. During wake, males had higher systolic and diastolic BP. The mean systolic blood pressure was 135.3 mmHg ± 14.3 and 131.4 mmHg ± 14.5 for males and females, respectively (p value = 0<0.001). During sleep, females exhibited lower diastolic blood pressure compared to males (73.5 mmHg ± 10.4 vs. 76.0 mmHg ± 10.9) (p value = 0.002). Age-related variations were observed, with older individuals (>60 years) showing higher average systolic BP compared to other age groups during wake (135.1 ±15.8)  and sleep (129.4 ±18.01) periods (p = 0.0083, p = 0.0001, respectively). Conclusion This study contributes to our understanding of the evolving trends in day and night ABPM variables among patients in South-South Nigeria. The findings show the importance of comprehensive cardiovascular assessments to accurately evaluate and manage cardiovascular health in diverse patient populations.

Diurnal BP variations cardiac facility blood pressure regulation blood pressure variability

References (30)

  1. 1 The global epidemiology of hypertension [DOI]
  2. 2 Global Burden of Hypertension and Systolic Blood Pressure of at Least 110 to 115 mm Hg, 1990-2015 [DOI]
  3. 3 European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring [DOI]
  4. 4 Gender Differences in the Regulation of Blood Pressure [DOI]
  5. 5 Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Management of High Blood Pressure in Adults: Synopsis of the 2017 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Hypertension Guideline [DOI]
  6. 6 RETRACTED: Relationship between Clinic and Ambulatory Blood-Pressure Measurements and Mortality [DOI]
  7. 7 Gender differences in cardiovascular disease [DOI]
  8. 8 Vascular Aging and Arterial Stiffness [DOI]
  9. 9 Hypertension in older adults in Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis [DOI]
  10. 10 A Meta-Analysis of the Mechanism of Blood Pressure Change With Aging [DOI]
  11. 11 Availability and affordability of medicines and cardiovascular outcomes in 21 high-income, middle-income and low-income countries [DOI]
  12. 12 Sympathetic nervous system as a target for aging and obesity-related cardiovascular diseases [DOI]
  13. 13 Diurnal blood pressure variation and related behavioral factors [DOI]
  14. 14 European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring [DOI]
  15. 15 Blood Pressure Variability: A Novel and Important Risk Factor [DOI]
  16. 16 Gender Differences in Hypertension in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats [DOI]
  17. 17 Role of angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 and angiotensin(1–7) in 17β‐oestradiol regulation of renal pathology in renal wrap hypertension in rats [DOI]
  18. 18 Does Blood Pressure Variability Modulate Cardiovascular Risk? [DOI]
  19. 19 Blood Pressure and Its Association with Gender, Body Mass Index, Smoking, and Family History among University Students [DOI]
  20. 20 The Menstrual Cycle’s Influence on Sleep Duration and Cardiovascular Health: A Comprehensive Review [DOI]
  21. 21 The Age‐Related Hemodynamic Changes of Blood Pressure and Their Impact on the Incidence of Cardiovascular Disease and Stroke: New Evidence [DOI]
  22. 22 Usefulness of ambulatory blood pressure measurement for hypertension management in India: the India ABPM study [DOI]
  23. 23 Physiology, Blood Pressure Age Related Changes
  24. 24 May Measurement Month 2017: screening for hypertension in Nigeria—Sub-Saharan Africa [DOI]
  25. 25 Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Suburban Community in Nigeria [DOI]
  26. 26 Hypertension and Cardiovascular Risk Profile in a Middle-Income Setting: The HELISUR Study [DOI]
  27. 27 Relationship between 24-hour blood pressure pattern and left ventricular structure and function in hypertensive Nigerians.
  28. 28 A Meta-Analysis of the Mechanism of Blood Pressure Change With Aging [DOI]
  29. 29 Day and Night Blood Pressure Variability among Older Persons in South-Western Nigeria [DOI]
  30. 30 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring1 [DOI]

Cited by 1

A Comprehensive Analysis of Brought-in Dead Cases in the Accident and Emergency Department of the University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital, Rivers State Nigeria

Tamunokuro Diamond, Chibuike Eze Nwafor, Crown Clement · International journal of medical science and health research · 2025

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

54

Page views

0

PDF downloads

25

Outbound clicks

1

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.