Diarrhea Disease: A Concern for Developing Countries

Abstract

Diarrhea is a symptom associated with several gastro intestinal tract diseases. At initial stage of diarrhea illness, diarrhea often goes unnoticed and as it progresses diarrhea present with visible signs and symptoms. Diarrhea ranges from mild, moderate to severe. It can occur suddenly for just a short while (acute) and can likewise persist for a long period of time (chronic). The rate of death among children under five due to diarrhea in developing countries is an issue of concern. This paper describes the prevalence of diarrhea, factors contributing to it and the manner of its management among mothers/caregivers in developing countries. Hence this paper will serves as a reference document for improving diarrhea prevention and management in developing countries. Low socio economic status and lack of basic facilities such as safe water and appropriate waste disposal techniques of developing countries are responsible for prevalence of diarrhea in developing countries. In addition to this is the fact that many mothers/ care givers lack knowledge of diarrhea and its home management. Management of diarrhea should start at home in order to prevent the resultant complications which include dehydration, malnutrition and death. The recommended and effective way diarrhea can be well treated at home is through the use of Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) and continuous feeding which includes breast feeding. Studies have reported several home management practices among mothers/care givers in developing countries which are based on religious and cultural factors. However preventing diarrhea is quite safer and cost effective than treating it. There is need for all stakeholders to join efforts together to put in place all preventive strategies in developing countries.