Development, Evaluation and Optimization of Novel Drug Delivery of Aceclofenac for Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Abstract

Objective: Chronic pain, loss of function, and disability can arise from long-term joint deterioration and destruction caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The goal of this study was to create Aceclofenac (ACE) solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs). The most prevalent method for increasing the oral bioavailability of medications that are poorly soluble in water is the use of SLNs, which are thought to be the most effective lipid-based colloidal carriers. Methods: For targeted drug administration, Aceclofenac-loaded SLNs were prepared using the microemulsion method and coated with chitosan (CS). They were then evaluated using a number of techniques, including particle size, polydispersity index, and in-vitro drug release in phosphate buffer. Results: Aceclofenac-SLN formulation variables were optimized through the use of the Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology. The improved formulation had a particle size of 269±2.45 nm, a PDI of 0.217±0.008, and an entrapment efficiency of almost 79.9±2.21. The zeta potential of the Aceclofenac-SLN was 35.7 mV. According to TEM investigation, Aceclofenac-SLNs exhibited a spherical form and ranged in size from 100 nm. Endothermic transitions were visible at 243°C in the ACE DSC curve. With 83.2±1.5% of the drug released from the SLNs in 24 hours, Aceclofenac-SLN showed a regulated release of the drug from the lipid matrix. Conclusion: The improved Aceclofenac-SLNs formulations showed sustained drug release for up to 24 hours as compared to pure drug solutions. By directing delivery to the inflammatory joints and lowering systemic exposure, these medication delivery strategies for rheumatoid arthritis (RA) aim to increase treatment efficacy and minimize side effects.