Determinants of Latrine Utilization in Rural Marakwet East, Kenya: A Study on Sanitation Practices

Abstract

Background: A study on sanitation practices is an important contribution to the understanding of public health issues related to sanitation in rural areas. This study highlights key factors that influence the use of latrines, such as household size, education level, and the type of latrine available. These insights are crucial for designing effective public health interventions Aims: The aim of the study was to identify factors influencing latrine utilization among the rural communities in Elgeyo-Marakwet County, Kenya. Study Design:  A community based cross-sectional study was employed with a quantitative data collection approach using a standard questionnaire and an observational checklist in the month of December 2023.The sample entailed 423 households in Marakwet East. Methodology: Purposive sampling was used to select Marakwet East due to high number of diarrheal cases compared to other three sub counties. Moreover random sampling was chosen as it allows making generalization on a specific population without bias. Collection of data was through a pretested standardized questionnaires. Chi square test was used to determine the statistical relationship between variables and latrine utilization. Logistic regression was done to determine the effects of variables on utilization of latrine among the respondents. Results: The multivariable analysis revealed that household size of 1 to 3 persons, education level of the respondent, number of years since construction of the latrine and cleaning toilet were significantly associated with latrine utilization. Cumulatively, the Logistic regression model explained 41.2% of variation on latrine utilization. Conclusion: The study concluded that latrine utilization is influenced by various variables. The study recommends multi-sectorial approach in designing and implementing community led total sanitation. Sensitization campaigns to change the myths and misconceptions should be developed to enhance sanitation. Moreover, the community to be involved in coming up with a cost-effective latrine design and culture-abiding ways that nurture ownership and sustainability.