Demographic Profile of Patients Infected by SARS-CoV-2 in a Municipality in the Midwest Region of Brazil in the 2020 and 2021 Biennium

Abstract

Aims: This study aimed to characterize the demographic profile of patients affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treated in public health facilities in Várzea Grande, Mato Grosso, during the biennium, 2020–2021. Methodology: This retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted in Várzea Grande, between April 2020 and December 2021, utilizing data from IndicaSUS. Parameters analyzed include age range, sex, race, region of residence, lethality, and clinical outcomes (recovered and decease). Data were processed using EpiData Entry v.3.1 and EpiData Analysis v.2.2 software. A 95% confidence interval, a significance level of P = .05, and Pearson goodness-of-fit test were utilized to evaluate the fit of the multivariate models. Results: A higher prevalence of COVID-19 hospitalization was observed among females in 2020 (53.9%) and 2021 (53.8%). Hospitalization rates by sex and race were notably higher in Brown women in 2020 (61.3%) and 2021 (65.8%), as well as in Brown men in 2020 (62.4%) and 2021 (65.1%). The West region exhibited the highest lethality rate in 2020 (3.8%) while the North and Center regions showed the highest lethality rates in 2021 (1.2%). By age group, lethality was significantly higher among individuals over 65 years old in both 2020 (21.4%) and 2021 (14.3% P = .000). Conclusion: This study characterized the demographic profile of the population affected by COVID-19 in Várzea Grande. The findings indicate that public health managers should implement target policies and actions to support this population, which experiences a high mortality rate and significant socioeconomic vulnerability.