Prognostic Factors Associated with Horizontal Strabismus Surgery

Abstract

Aims: Identify prognostic factors that predict a successful or failed outcome following surgery for horizontal strabismus. Study Design: This is a retrospective analytical study. Place and Duration of Study: The ophthalmology department of university hospital of Kasserine between 2019 and 2023. Methodology: We included 52 patients divided into 25 males (48.1%) and 27 females (51.9%), treated surgically for horizontal strabismus. Using Pearson's and Spearman's P coefficients, we studied the correlation between long-term postoperative strabismus angle of deviation and age of onset of strabismus surgery, time to surgery, refraction, preoperative angle of deviation, surgical dosage and angle of deviation at day 1 postoperatively. We also used the Chi2 test for categorical variables. A multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed to identify factors associated with the occurrence of the success/failure event. Results: A multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the immediate postoperative angle was the only factor that significantly influenced the long-term motor outcome (r = 1.348, p = 0.025) and Surgical dosage was the only factor significantly influencing long-term motor outcome in the esotropia group (r = 2.051, p = 0.047). Conclusion: The success or failure of surgery may be influenced by several factors that have a prognostic value; these factors include amblyopia, strong hypermetropia, anisometropia, age of onset, time to surgery, surgical dosage, preoperative angle, the presence of a vertical element, and deviation in the immediate postoperative period.