Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Correlation and Calibration of 4D Seismic Vintages for Effective Postproduction Intervention

B. T. Ojo, M. T. Olowokere, M. I. Oladapo

Journal of Geography, Environment and Earth Science International · pp. 35–46 · Published 25 May 2021

10.9734/jgeesi/2021/v25i330275

Abstract

Poor or low data quality usually has an adverse effect on the quantitative usage of (4D) seismic data for accurate analysis. Repeatability of 4D Seismic or time-lapse survey is considered as a vital tool for effective, potent, and impressive monitoring of productivity of reservoirs. Inconsistencies and disagreement of ‘time-lapse’ data will greatly affect the accuracy and outcome of research when comparing two or more seismic surveys having low repeatability. Correlation is a statistic procedure that measures the linear relation between all points of two variables. Error due to acquisition and processing must be checked for before interpretation in order to minimize exploration failure and the number of dry holes drilled. The seismic data available for this study comprises of 779 crosslines and 494 inlines. The 4D seismic data consisting of the base Seismic shot in 1998 before production and the monitor Seismic shot in 2010 at different stages of hydrocarbon production were cross correlated to ascertain repeatability between the two vintages. A global average matching process was applied while phase and time shift were estimated using the Russell-Liang technique. Two pass full shaping filters were applied for the phase matching. Maximum and minimum ‘cross-correlation’ are 0.85 (85%) and 0.60 (60%) respectively. Statistics of the ‘cross-correlation’ shift show standard deviation  (0.3), variance (0.12), and root mean square (0.78). For high percentage repeatability and maximum correlations, the requested correlation threshold is 0.7 but 1 and 0.99 were obtained for the first and the second matching respectively.  Conclusively, the overall results show that there is high repeatability between the 4D seismic data used and the data can be employed conveniently for accurate ‘time-lapse’ (future) production monitoring and investigation on the field.

4D Seismic repeatability statistics correlation hydrocarbon exploration

References (9)

  1. 1 Seismic repeatability, normalized rms, and predictability [DOI]
  2. 2 Cross-equalization data processing for time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoring: A case study from the Gulf of Mexico [DOI]
  3. 3 4D seismic data processing issues and examples [DOI]
  4. 4 Feasibility of time-lapse seismic reservoir monitoring: The physical basis [DOI]
  5. 5 4D in the deepwater Gulf of Mexico: Hoover, Madison, and Marshall fields [DOI]
  6. 6 A quantitative discussion on time-lapse repeatability and its metrics [DOI]
  7. 7 Seismic monitoring of in-situ combustion in the Balol heavy-oil field [DOI]
  8. 8 Cross-equalization for Time-lapse Study in Balol Field, India
  9. 9 Successful pilot onshore Abu Dhabi shows that 4D can monitor fluid changes in a giant Middle East carbonate field [DOI]

Cited by 2

Integrated seismic calibration and hybrid harmony search optimization for improved joint multi-vintage seismic inversion for reservoir monitoring

A. P. Singh, S. P. Maurya, Ravi Kant · Geoenergy Science and Engineering · 2026

Showing 1 of 2 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Related research

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

5

Page views

0

PDF downloads

0

Outbound clicks

2

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.