Comparative Analysis of Fibrinogen Degradation Products and C-Reactive Protein in Sickle Cell Disease and Non-sickle Cell Individuals in University College Hospital, Ibadan, Oyo State

Abstract

Introduction: Nigeria has the greatest global burden of sickle cell disease (SCD), a hereditary illness that is common among persons of African origin. Understanding the etiology of the disease depends on biomarkers like fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Comparing these markers between SCD patients and non-SCD people may reveal information for better disease management. Aim/Objectives: This study compared the levels of fibrinogen degradation products (FDP) and C-reactive protein (CRP) in SCD patients and non-SCD patients at the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Oyo State. Methods: From March to July 2019, a case control study was carried out at the University College Hospital in Ibadan. 40 non-SCD controls and 91 SCD patients were included in the study. SPSS version 21.0 was used for data analysis after CRP and FDP levels were determined. Tables provided a summary of the findings. Results: C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in sickle cell disease (SCD) patients and non-SCD controls did not differ significantly, according to the study (2.31 vs. 2.10, p = 0.400). However, SCD patients had considerably lower levels of fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) than controls (0.66 vs. 1.28, p = 0.001). These results suggest that FDP has promise as a stand-alone marker for SCD monitoring and treatment, even though CRP may not be a distinctive biomarker for the condition. Conclusion: Patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) had far lower levels of fibrinogen degradation product (FDP) than people without SCD, suggesting that FDP may be a useful biomarker for tracking and treating the condition. On the other hand, there is no discernible fluctuation in C-reactive protein (CRP) levels, which limits its ability to differentiate SCD status. These results highlight how crucial it is to concentrate on FDP while evaluating and treating SCD clinically.