Challenges Affecting the Management of Poultry Farms among Chicken Farmers in Sanniquellie Mah Statutory District, Nimba County, Liberia

Abstract

Poultry farming contributes to household income, food security and employment in Liberia, yet commercial producers face interrelated constraints that can limit productivity and profitability. This study assessed challenges affecting poultry farm management among commercial chicken farmers in Sanniquellie-Mah Statutory District, Nimba County. Primary data were collected from 60 farmers using a structured questionnaire and analysed using frequencies and percentages. The findings show substantial dependence on external sources of production inputs: 62% of respondents obtained birds from outside Liberia, while 33% obtained medicines and vaccines externally and 10% used both local and external sources. Feed was a major recurrent cost, with 70% spending LRD 26,000–50,000 per month and 17% spending more than LRD 50,000. All respondents reported disease occurrence, and 40% experienced mortality of more than 30 birds per production batch. Newcastle disease accounted for 33% of reported mortality and fowl pox for 15%. Access to public animal-health support was limited; 20% relied on government extension officers, while 55% used private or commercial veterinarians. Market competition affected 60% of respondents, and borrowing costs were high, with 60% of borrowers reporting interest rates of 21–25%. Overall, poultry farm management was constrained by input, health, financial, infrastructure and market-related challenges. Strengthening access to affordable inputs, veterinary and extension services, suitable finance and reliable markets could support more efficient and sustainable poultry enterprises.