Adherence to Prescribed Drugs among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care in Federal Medical Center Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria

Abstract

Medication adherence during pregnancy is important for maintaining maternal health and supporting foetal development. This study assessed adherence to prescribed drugs among pregnant women attending antenatal care at the Federal Medical Centre, Umuahia, Abia State, Nigeria. A descriptive cross-sectional design was used, and data were collected from 385 pregnant women using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire collected information on socio-demographic characteristics, adherence to prescribed medicines, knowledge of the importance of medication adherence, and factors affecting compliance. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and presented as frequencies and percentages. Most respondents were aged 25-29 years (44.2%), married (55.3%), and had tertiary education (53.5%). Regarding adherence, 40.5% of respondents reported always taking prescribed medications as directed, while 42.3% reported doing so most of the time. For missed doses, 34.8% reported that they never forgot to take their medications, while 42.6% rarely forgot. However, 57.7% relied on memory to manage their medication schedule. Most respondents recognised the importance of adherence during pregnancy, including ensuring the health of the mother and baby (39.0%) and preventing complications (37.1%). A large proportion had received detailed or some information on drug adherence during antenatal care. The findings suggest generally good adherence, although some women still experienced challenges with consistent medication use. Strengthened counselling, practical reminder strategies, and attention to barriers such as cost and side effects may improve adherence.