Carbon Sequestration in a Changing Climate: Management Techniques and Strategic Solutions

Abstract

Carbon sequestration in agriculture plays a critical role in mitigating climate change by capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) in soil and biomass. This process involves various strategies and management practices aimed at enhancing soil organic carbon (SOC) levels while maintaining or improving agricultural productivity. Key strategies include no-tillage or reduced tillage, which minimizes soil disturbance and promotes residue retention, thus slowing down decomposition and enhancing carbon storage. Crop rotation and the use of cover crops further contribute to carbon sequestration by diversifying root structures and improving soil health. Organic farming practices, such as applying farmyard manure and compost, provide essential organic matter that enriches soil quality and increases carbon retention. Additionally, the incorporation of deep-rooted plants and biochar enhances carbon storage in deeper soil layers, making them more resilient to climate variability. The integration of these practices not only sequesters carbon but also improves soil fertility, water retention, and overall ecosystem health. Effective management of carbon sequestration in agricultural systems requires a holistic approach that considers local conditions, crop diversity, and sustainable land use practices. By adopting these strategies, agriculture can become a significant carbon sink, contributing to global efforts to reduce atmospheric CO2 concentrations while ensuring food security and environmental sustainability.