Floristic Profile of Selected Ponds in Sub-Urban District of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

Abstract

Floristic population around and within selected ponds of a sub-urban area in Akwa Ibom State was examined. Soil physical and soil chemistry were determined to ascertain influences on floristic distribution pattern. Twenty five (25) plant species were identified belonging to seventeen (17) families. Alchornea cordifolia was the most abundant species with the density value of 2666.67±100.32 st/ha while Crinum sp. had the least density value of 33.33±10.25 st/ha. Chromolaena odorata and Pteridium aquilinum had the highest frequency of occurrence of 75%, respectively. In terms of height, Elaeis guineensis was the tallest species (8.00±2.08 m) while the shortest species were Clappertonia ficifolia (1.20±0.11 m) and Cnestis ferruginea (1.20±0.02 m). Correlation analysis showed significant relationship between plant distribution and soil properties. Negative relationships showed limiting nutrient levels while positive showed optimum nutrient levels. Although, results showed a clear relationship between soil properties and type of flora around the study area, yet, present floristic population noted points to the rapid incursion of human activities and influence within and outside the district landscapes.