Blood Pressure Pattern among Young Adults Using Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in South-South Nigeria
Chibuike Eze Nwafor, Crown Clement
Cardiology and Angiology: An International Journal · pp. 33–40 · Published 19 Apr 2024
10.9734/ca/2024/v13i2404Abstract
Background: Hypertension (HTN) is a significant public health concern worldwide, including Nigeria, with its prevalence steadily rising. Although HTN has historically been associated with older adults, studies have revealed an increasing frequency of the condition in younger adults. This presents unique challenges and implications for long-term health outcomes. In Nigeria, HTN in young individuals is a problem that receives little attention because it is still mistakenly thought of as an illness that only affects the elderly. To dispel this myth, this study aims to identify hypertensive young persons and to investigate the levels and patterns of hypertension in young adults utilizing ABPM in southern Nigeria. Method: A retrospective study was conducted among young adults aged 18-39 in Southern Nigeria. Participants underwent ABPM to assess their BP levels and patterns over 24 hours. Demographic data, lifestyle factors, and medical history were also collected. Descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results: This study consisted of 111 participants, 53.2% males and 46.8% females, with a mean age of 32.9 years. Tobacco consumption was reported by 10% of respondents, while 43.2% reported alcohol consumption. Significant differences in blood pressure parameters between genders were observed during the wake period, with males showing higher average systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial pressures. During sleep, males exhibited higher average systolic and mean arterial pressures, but lower average heart rate compared to females. Good BP control was observed in 48.65% of participants, with the majority exhibiting a non-dipping pattern (48.65%) followed by good dipping (36.04%). Masked hypertension, white coat hypertension, and anxiety-related BP were observed in 1%, 1.80%, and 4.50% of cases, respectively. Conclusion: The study revealed a majority with good blood pressure control, yet a substantial portion exhibited sub-optimal control, emphasizing the continued need for vigilance and interventions in cardiovascular health. Therefore, health practitioners should prioritize raising awareness of hypertension in young adults and promoting early lifestyle changes to mitigate future risks.
References (22)
- 1 2018 ESC/ESH Guidelines for the management of arterial hypertension [DOI]
- 2 European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring [DOI]
- 3 The protective role of estrogen and estrogen receptors in cardiovascular disease and the controversial use of estrogen therapy [DOI]
- 4 2021 European Society of Hypertension practice guidelines for office and out-of-office blood pressure measurement [DOI]
- 5 Morning Surge in Blood Pressure and Cardiovascular Risk [DOI]
- 6 The Role of Estrogen Receptors in Cardiovascular Disease [DOI]
- 7 Anxiety, Stress-Related Factors, and Blood Pressure in Young Adults [DOI]
- 8 European Society of Hypertension Position Paper on Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring [DOI]
- 9 Diagnosing Masked Hypertension Using Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring, Home Blood Pressure Monitoring, or Both? [DOI]
- 10 Risk Factors Associated With Hypertension in Young Adults: A Systematic Review [DOI]
- 11 Undiagnosed hypertension among young adults with regular primary care use [DOI]
- 12 Hypertension in Developing Countries [DOI]
- 13 Determinants of hypertension in a young adult Ugandan population in epidemiological transition—the MEPI-CVD survey [DOI]
- 14 Thresholds for Ambulatory Blood Pressure Among African Americans in the Jackson Heart Study [DOI]
- 15 High prevalence of non-dipping patterns among Black Africans with uncontrolled hypertension: a secondary analysis of the CREOLE trial [DOI]
- 16 Suboptimal control status of young hypertensive population [DOI]
- 17 Morning Blood Pressure Hyper-reactivity Is an Independent Predictor for Hypertensive Cardiac Hypertrophy in a Community-Dwelling Population [DOI]
- 18 Hypertension in young adults--an under-estimated problem.
- 19 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring: Five Decades of More Light and Less Shadows [DOI]
- 20 A study on prevalence of Hypertension and its related risk factors among undergraduate medical students in Kolkata [DOI]
- 21 Primary hypertension in young adults (18-40 years) in Enugu State, Southeast Nigeria: a cross-sectional study [DOI]
- 22 Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring1 [DOI]
Cited by 0
No indexed citations yet.
Related research
- Perceived Stress and Anxiety in Women during Labour: A Case of Tamale West Hospital, Tamale, Ghana — shares topic coverage
- Anxiety and Visual Field Assessment Reliability in Glaucoma Patients — shares topic coverage
- Effect of Crude Ethanol Leaf-extract of Murraya koenigii on Anxiety in Mice — shares topic coverage
- Antiretroviral Therapy may have Anxiogenic Effect on Subjects — shares topic coverage
- The Prevalence of Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) in a Private-University in Malaysia, and Its Associated Factors Including Stress, Depression and Anxiety — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
67
Page views
0
PDF downloads
75
Outbound clicks
0
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.