Biochar Production Technologies from Agricultural Waste, Its Utilization in Agriculture and Current Global Biochar Market: A Comprehensive Review
Prajakta D. Phadtare, R. Kalbande, S., S. R. Kalbande, D. Phadtare, Prajakta
International Journal of Environment and Climate Change · pp. 1010–1031 · Published 2 Aug 2022
10.9734/ijecc/2022/v12i1131078Abstract
This review comprehensively describes biochar, the term which is gaining exponential attention nowadays. The technologies to convert the agriculture waste to biochar include slow pyrolysis, flash pyrolysis, and hydrothermal carbonization. Biochar production methods are based on batch processes and continuous processes. Biochar production processes and steps involved are also discussed. Different biochar reactors are also revived, including the continuous type of biochar reactor and microwave pyrolysis reactors. Kinetics of biochar, bio-oil, and syngas production is also revived briefly with kinetic equations. Uses of biochar are comprehensively revived and discussed, including advanced applications such as catalyst production, activated Carbon production, water treatment, soil amendment, etc. All biochar characterization methods are briefly described, including proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, physiochemical analysis, surface analysis, and molecular structure analysis. Factors affecting biochar production are revived in this article. Biochar yield from different crop waste s is tabulated with temperatures involved. Post-production processing methods of biochar are included in this review. The global biochar market and current status and opportunities are also revived, the data of biochar manufacturers in India are compiled. The utilization of biochar in agriculture is revived in two subcategories: the effect of biochar application on soil health and the effect of biochar application on crop yield. At last engineered or designed biochar concept is revived.
References (99)
- 1 Application of biochar for the removal of pollutants from aqueous solutions [DOI]
- 2 Engineered/designer biochar for contaminant removal/immobilization from soil and water: Potential and implication of biochar modification [DOI]
- 3 Biochar to improve soil fertility. A review [DOI]
- 4 Production and characterization of slow pyrolysis biochar: influence of feedstock type and pyrolysis conditions [DOI]
- 5 Physical and chemical characterization of biochars derived from different agricultural residues [DOI]
- 6 Chemical characterization of rice straw-derived biochar for soil amendment [DOI]
- 7 Effects of biochar on soil properties and erosion potential in a highly weathered soil [DOI]
- 8 Biochar as a Catalyst [DOI]
- 9 Characteristics and Applications of Biochar for Environmental Remediation: A Review [DOI]
- 10 Biochar-based water treatment systems as a potential low-cost and sustainable technology for clean water provision [DOI]
- 11 Biochar particle size, shape, and porosity act together to influence soil water properties [DOI]
- 12 Characterization of North American Lignocellulosic Biomass and Biochars in Terms of their Candidacy for Alternate Renewable Fuels [DOI]
- 13 Biochar Preparation, Characterization, and Adsorptive Capacity and Its Effect on Bioavailability of Contaminants: An Overview [DOI]
- 14 Engineered/designer biochar for the removal of phosphate in water and wastewater [DOI]
- 15 The economic value of biochar in crop production and carbon sequestration [DOI]
- 16 Advances and future directions of biochar characterization methods and applications [DOI]
- 17 Biochar production and applications in soil fertility and carbon sequestration – a sustainable solution to crop-residue burning in India [DOI]
- 18 Comprehensive review on production and utilization of biochar [DOI]
- 19 Production, characterization and evaluation of biochar from pod (Pisum sativum), leaf (Brassica oleracea) and peel (Citrus sinensis) wastes [DOI]
- 20 Effect of biochar amendment on yield and photosynthesis of peanut on two types of soils [DOI]
- 21 Effects of Biomass Feedstocks and Gasification Conditions on the Physiochemical Properties of Char [DOI]
- 22 Influence of biochar application on sandy soil hydraulic properties and nutrient retention
- 23 Effect of pyrolysis temperature on potential toxicity of biochar if applied to the environment [DOI]
- 24 Elemental Composition of Biochar Obtained from Agricultural Waste for Soil Amendment and Carbon Sequestration [DOI]
- 25 Activated Carbons Derived from High-Temperature Pyrolysis of Lignocellulosic Biomass [DOI]
- 26 Biochar in the Agroecosystem–Climate-Change–Sustainability Nexus [DOI]
- 27 Boehm Titration Revisited (Part I): Practical Aspects for Achieving a High Precision in Quantifying Oxygen-Containing Surface Groups on Carbon Materials [DOI]
- 28 Methodological limitations to determining acidic groups at biochar surfaces via the Boehm titration [DOI]
- 29 Characterization and Process Optimization of Biochar Produced Using Novel Biomass, Waste Pomegranate Peel: A Response Surface Methodology Approach [DOI]
- 30 Biochar Effects on Soil Properties and Wheat Biomass vary with Fertility Management [DOI]
- 31 Effect of biochar on grain yield and leaf photosynthetic physiology of soybean cultivars with different phosphorus efficiencies [DOI]
- 32 Polyaromatic hydrocarbons in biochars and human health risks of food crops grown in biochar-amended soils: A synthesis study [DOI]
- 33 An emerging environmental concern: Biochar-induced dust emissions and their potentially toxic properties [DOI]
- 34 Thermomechanical and spectroscopic characterization of natural fibre composites [DOI]
- 35 Microwave‐Assisted Pyrolysis of Biomass for Bio‐Oil Production [DOI]
- 36 Natural Biomass as Carbon Sources for the Synthesis of Photoluminescent Carbon Dots [DOI]
- 37 Application of biochar derived from date palm biomass for removal of lead and copper ions in a batch reactor: Kinetics and isotherm scrutiny [DOI]
- 38 A simplified model for biomass pyrolysis in a fluidized bed reactor [DOI]
- 39 Effect of Pyrolysis Temperature and Time on Properties of Palm Kernel Shell-Based Biochar [DOI]
- 40 Laser thin films deposition and characterization for biomedical applications [DOI]
- 41 Scanning Electron Microscopy [DOI]
- 42 Characteristics of clay minerals relevant to bioremediation of environmental contaminated systems [DOI]
- 43 Batch pyrolysis of cotton stalks for evaluation of biochar energy potential [DOI]
- 44 A Brief Review of the Cleaning Process for Electronic Device Fabrication [DOI]
- 45 Adjuncts [DOI]
- 46 Multifunctional photocatalytic coatings for construction materials [DOI]
- 47 Analytical Investigations of Kinetic and Heat Transfer in Slow Pyrolysis of a Biomass Particle [DOI]
- 48 The Comparison Of Different Activation Techniques To Prepare Activated Carbon Materials From Waste Cotton Fabric [DOI]
- 49 Characterization and Surface Analysis of Commercially Available Biochars for Geoenvironmental Applications [DOI]
- 50 Journal of Food, Agriculture and Environment
- 51 Biochar physicochemical properties: pyrolysis temperature and feedstock kind effects [DOI]
- 52 Effects of textile dyes on health and the environment and bioremediation potential of living organisms [DOI]
- 53 A critical review on the biochar production techniques, characterization, stability and applications for circular bioeconomy [DOI]
- 54 Review of organic and inorganic pollutants removal by biochar and biochar-based composites [DOI]
- 55 Production, activation, and applications of biochar in recent times [DOI]
- 56 A comprehensive review of engineered biochar: Production, characteristics, and environmental applications [DOI]
- 57 Biochar surface functional groups as affected by biomass feedstock, biochar composition and pyrolysis temperature [DOI]
- 58 Significance of biochar application to the environment and economy [DOI]
- 59 Production and characterization of biochar produced from slow pyrolysis of pigeon pea stalk and bamboo [DOI]
- 60 A review on biochar production from different biomass wastes by recent carbonization technologies and its sustainable applications [DOI]
- 61 Biochar-Facilitated Soil Remediation: Mechanisms and Efficacy Variations [DOI]
- 62 A techno-economic analysis of biochar production and the bioeconomy for orchard biomass [DOI]
- 63 Hydrothermal Carbonization as a Valuable Tool for Energy and Environmental Applications: A Review [DOI]
- 64 Biochar Role in the Sustainability of Agriculture and Environment [DOI]
- 65 The roles of co-composted biochar (COMBI) in improving soil quality, crop productivity, and toxic metal amelioration [DOI]
- 66 A Review on Current Status of Biochar Uses in Agriculture [DOI]
- 67 Effect of Biochar on Soil Properties, Soil Loss, and Cocoyam Yield on a Tropical Sandy Loam Alfisol [DOI]
- 68 Sawdust pyrolysis from the furniture industry in an auger pyrolysis reactor system for biochar and bio-oil production [DOI]
- 69 Market prospects for biochar production and application in California [DOI]
- 70 The effect of biochar, lime and ash on maize yield in a long-term field trial in a Ultisol in the humid tropics [DOI]
- 71 Engineered biochar from wood apple shell waste for high-efficient removal of toxic phenolic compounds in wastewater [DOI]
- 72 A Critical Review on Advancement and Challenges of Biochar Application in Paddy Fields: Environmental and Life Cycle Cost Analysis [DOI]
- 73 Optimization of biochar preparation from the stem of Eichhornia crassipes using response surface methodology on adsorption of Cd2+ [DOI]
- 74 Environmental and economic impacts of biochar production and agricultural use in six developing and middle-income countries [DOI]
- 75 Production of high-performance biochar using a simple and low-cost method: Optimization of pyrolysis parameters and evaluation for water treatment [DOI]
- 76 Effects of Biochar Addition on Rice Growth and Yield under Water-Saving Irrigation [DOI]
- 77 Engineered Biochar Production and Its Potential Benefits in a Closed-Loop Water-Reuse Agriculture System [DOI]
- 78 Improving plant available water holding capacity of soil by solid and chemically modified biochars [DOI]
- 79 Biochar Effects on Soil Physiochemical Properties in Degraded Managed Ecosystems in Northeastern Bangladesh [DOI]
- 80 Emerging extraction techniques: Hydrothermal processing [DOI]
- 81 Effect of co-applied corncob biochar with farmyard manure and NPK fertilizer on tropical soil [DOI]
- 82 Effect of Biochar on CO2 Sequestration and Productivity of Pearl Millet Plants Grown in Saline Sodic Soils [DOI]
- 83 Pyrolysis of wheat and barley straw [DOI]
- 84 Optimization of Biochar Production by Co-Torrefaction of Microalgae and Lignocellulosic Biomass Using Response Surface Methodology [DOI]
- 85 A detailed pyrolysis model for a thermally large biomass particle [DOI]
- 86 Method of biochar application affects growth, yield and nutrient uptake of cowpea [DOI]
- 87 Date palm waste pyrolysis into biochar for carbon dioxide adsorption [DOI]
- 88 Effects of biochar additions on the soil chemical properties, bacterial community structure and rape growth in an acid purple soil [DOI]
- 89 Improving Quality and Yield Production of Coconut Shell Charcoal Through a Modified Pyrolysis Reactor with Tar Scrubber to Reduce Smoke Pollution [DOI]
- 90 Decolorization of dyes from textile wastewater using biochar: a review [DOI]
- 91 Conversion of Solid Biomass into Biochar: Act as a Green, Eco-Friendly Energy Source and a Substitute of Fossil Fuel Inputs [DOI]
- 92 Lignin chemistry and valorization [DOI]
- 93 Biochar: an organic amendment to crops and an environmental solution [DOI]
- 94 Analytical Techniques [DOI]
- 95 Characterization of Biochar Produced from Different Feed Stocks for Waste Management [DOI]
- 96 Impact of Pretreatment on Hydrothermally Carbonized Spruce [DOI]
- 97 Bio char production from sugar cane bagasse and its application sugarcane processing wastewater treatment
- 98 Effect of biochar on the growth and yield of cotton and maize: A review [DOI]
- 99 Biocorrosion—Steel [DOI]
Cited by 43
Sachini Supunsala Senadheera, Piumi Amasha Withana, Siming You · Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews · 2025
Huiyi Tan, Chiaw Hui Chiew, Sheng-Rong Guo · Energy · 2025
Abhyudaya Singh, Saurabh Singh, Dinkar Parashar · Water, Air, & Soil Pollution · 2025
Omojola Awogbemi, Daramy Vandi Von Kallon · Applied Surface Science Advances · 2023
Ansoumane Sakouvogui, Wogbo Guilavogui, Adama Sakho · American Journal of Energy Engineering · 2024
Varalakshmi Varatharajan, Karthik V., Selvakumar Periyasamy · Journal of Chemistry · 2025
Muhammad Athar Khaliq, Ibtisam Mohammed Alsudays, Haifa Abdulaziz Sakit Alhaithloul · Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety · 2024
Mostafa Gaber Refaai, Asmaa Ali, Dalal Alshamsi · Surfaces and Interfaces · 2026
Desmond Kwayela Sama, Agnieszka Tomczyk-Nazarczuk, Katarzyna Szewczuk-Karpisz · Sustainable Materials and Technologies · 2025
Showing 9 of 43 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.
Related research
- Potential for Biochar as an Alternate Carrier to Peat Moss for the Preparation of Rhizobia Bio Inoculum — shares topic coverage
- Effect of Biochar on the Abundance of Soil Bacteria — shares topic coverage
- Effects of Biochar Amended Saline Soil on Growth and Some Metabolic Activities of Two Soybean Cultivars in Saudi Arabia — shares topic coverage
- Influence of Charring Methods on Surface Characteristics and Sorption Properties of Rice Straw Derived Biochars — shares topic coverage
- Effect of Shea Nut Shell Biochar on Root Knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) — shares topic coverage
Article metrics
Real usage data collected on this platform.
77
Page views
0
PDF downloads
48
Outbound clicks
43
Citations
Views over time
Views by country
Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".
Traffic sources
Referring site, by host.
Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.