Bilateral Ovarian Dermoid Cysts with Persistent Anemia and Thrombocytopenia in an Adult Female: A Rare Case Report

Abstract

Autoimmune phenomena are commonly encountered in the female population either as the primary disease or in association with conditions like pregnancy or as a part of paraneoplastic syndromes. Exact pathogenesis of such immune reactions may be clearly defined in cases like Grave’s disease, SLE etc or may be secondary to unexplained phenomena .These patients however may manifest as hematological symptoms like anemia and thrombocytopenia, skin manifestations or co existing thyroid issues .Tumors commonly present with autoimmune paraneoplastic syndromes. These can be non-hematological and hematological. Common hematological manifestations we encounter are either ITP or autoimmune hemolytic anemias. Ovarian tumors rarely occur with autoimmune features. There have been documented cases of bilateral dermoid cyst with associated Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) as well as autoimmune hematological anemias in recent literature. Here we discuss a case of a 26-year-old female with bilateral ovarian dermoid cyst, who presented with transfusion dependent anemia and thrombocytopenia. Her anemia responded to immunosuppression therapy but thrombocytopenia responded to lesser extent.