Skip to content
Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

Balance and Genetic Mechanisms in the COVID-19 Process of Mutation

Alejandro Coutiño Valdovinos, Indira Vega Gaitan, Beatriz Garnica Guerrero, Iracema Islas Vega, Josefina Reynoso Vázquez, Jesús Carlos Ruvalcaba Ledezma

Asian Journal of Research in Infectious Diseases · pp. 34–43 · Published 28 Jun 2023

10.9734/ajrid/2023/v13i4275

Abstract

Introduction: SRAS-Cov-2, First found on December 2019 in Wuhan China has turned into a worldwide health care problem. The changes on genetic drift, genetic recombination, natural selection, and other mutations originated variants of medical concern because of the changes on its transmissibility, pathogenesis, or its capacity to avoid the immune system. This is mainly because of the mutations on the structural proteins as the spike protein. Objective: Describe the COVID-19 mechanisms of mutation. Methodology: A systematic review was carried out, the search for information was carried out in journals indexed in (Crossref, Google Scholar, SciELO, and in Journals indexed in SCIE, SSCI, ESCI) using keywords; COVID-19 genome, COVID-19 mutations, COVID-19 variants. Results: The main mutations among COVID-19 variants are due to the Spike protein in its N501Y and D614G forms and modifying the N-terminal domain; likewise, there are mutations in the other structural proteins M, E and N and in the ORF1a and b regions. It has been shown to be multifactorial as it is influenced to mutate by environmental factors. Conclusions: A detailed comparison was made of the main pathogenic and genetic characteristics of the variants of medical importance in the COVID-19 pandemic. It has been shown to be multifactorial as it is influenced to mutate by environmental factors. For this reason, it is important the correct execution of public health and the application of programs focused on the prevention of contagion and improvement of habits and care to avoid the evolution of the pathogenesis of the virus.

COVID-19 mutations COVID-19 variants COVID-19 genome

References (23)

  1. 1 Structural basis for the recognition of SARS-CoV-2 by full-length human ACE2 [DOI]
  2. 2 Omicron variant of SARS‐CoV‐2: Genomics, transmissibility, and responses to current COVID‐19 vaccines [DOI]
  3. 3 COVID-19: A Review on the Novel Coronavirus Disease Evolution, Transmission, Detection, Control and Prevention [DOI]
  4. 4 ACE2 Expression Is Increased in the Lungs of Patients With Comorbidities Associated With Severe COVID-19 [DOI]
  5. 5 The Impact of Evolving SARS-CoV-2 Mutations and Variants on COVID-19 Vaccines [DOI]
  6. 6 Evolution patterns of SARS-CoV-2: Snapshot on its genome variants [DOI]
  7. 7 Epigenetic mechanisms regulating COVID-19 infection [DOI]
  8. 8 CovMT: an interactive SARS-CoV-2 mutation tracker, with a focus on critical variants [DOI]
  9. 9 Comparison of clinical characteristics of wild-type SARS-CoV-2 and Omicron [DOI]
  10. 10 Mutations and polymorphisms in genes involved in the infections by covid 19: a review [DOI]
  11. 11 Distinct mutations and lineages of SARS‐CoV‐2 virus in the early phase of COVID‐19 pandemic and subsequent 1‐year global expansion [DOI]
  12. 12 A genetic insight into vitamin D binding protein and COVID-19 [DOI]
  13. 13 Molecular detection of omicron SARS-CoV-2 variant is achieved by RT-LAMP despite genomic mutations [DOI]
  14. 14 Sequencing and mutations analysis of the first recorded SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant during the fourth wave of pandemic in Iraq [DOI]
  15. 15 Mutations in Novel COVID-19 Make it More Dangerous: Prevention Via Scientific Approaches [DOI]
  16. 16 SARS-CoV-2 protease inhibiting phytocompounds from Datura metel L.: An in silico investigation for potential drugs unaffected by viral mutations against COVID-19 [DOI]
  17. 17 COVID-19 Variants: Molecular Insight into Mutations [DOI]
  18. 18 Immunity passport against COVID 19 [DOI]
  19. 19 Mutaciones del virus SARS-CoV2 y el impacto de la enfermedad COVID-19 en el sistema de salud. [DOI]
  20. 20 Integrated analyses of single-cell atlases reveal age, gender, and smoking status associations with cell type-specific expression of mediators of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry and highlights inflammatory programs in putative target cells [DOI]
  21. 21 DNA Methylation Analysis of the COVID-19 Host Cell Receptor, Angiotensin I Converting Enzyme 2 Gene (ACE2) in the Respiratory System Reveal Age and Gender Differences [DOI]
  22. 22 What Learned from Omicron Sub-Variants BQ.1 and BQ.1.1 [DOI]
  23. 23 Emergence of mutations and possible antigenic drift in the surface glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) [DOI]

Cited by 2

Genomic surveillance and phylo-evolutionary analysis of SARS-CoV-2 variants in Osun state, Nigeria during the second wave of COVID-19 pandemic

S. Akinde, O. Oyedara, Taiwo Samson Olumakinde · BMC Medical Genomics · 2025

Showing 1 of 2 known citations — external sources report more than can currently be individually listed.

Article metrics

Real usage data collected on this platform.

38

Page views

0

PDF downloads

19

Outbound clicks

2

Citations

Views over time

Views by country

Approximate, from request IP at view time — not citizenship or institution. Countries with fewer than 5 views are grouped as "Other".

Traffic sources

Referring site, by host.

Views and downloads exclude known bots/crawlers. Citations combines this platform's own DOI-resolved index with each external source's own reported total — see Cited by above for individually listed citing works. Last refreshed 0 seconds ago.