Organ Function and Mortality Observed in Patients with Sepsis of Pulmonary Origin in Southeastern Mexico

Abstract

Background: Sepsis is one of the leading causes of hospital admission worldwide, with a mortality risk of 10-40%. In severe cases, organ dysfunction and mortality are common. Cases of sepsis of pulmonary origin are frequent in hospital settings. Aim: To know the organic function and mortality observed in patients with sepsis of pulmonary origin in southeastern Mexico. Methods: The study was descriptive and retrospective in patients of both sexes hospitalized between June and December 2023, aged 40-75 years, with a confirmed diagnosis of sepsis of pulmonary origin. Data were collected on clinical, hematological, and biochemical indicators, as well as observed mortality. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25 statistical software. Results: 230 clinical records were reviewed. Men represented 52.2%; The mean age was 66.1 ± 7.1 years. All patients presented with SOFA ≥ 2; C-reactive protein ≥ 0.3 (mg/L); erythrocyte sedimentation rate > 20 (mm/h); leukocytes > 10 (x 10³/mm³); oxygen saturation < 95 (%); and partial pressure of oxygen < 75 mmHg. 56.5% had Glasgow Coma Scale scores of 3-8; 91.3% body temperature > 37 (°C); 69.6% heart rate > 100 bpm; 13% systolic blood pressure > 120 (mmHg); 39.1% hemoglobin < 10 (g/dL); 52.2% platelets < 150 (x 10³/mm³); 78.3% bicarbonate < 22 (mEq/L); 39.1% serum sodium < 135 (mEq/L). 52.2% serum lactate > 1.5 (mmol/L); 87% BUN > 25 (mg/dL); 69.6% serum creatinine > 1.3 (mg/dL); 47.8% ALT > 36 (U/L); 56.5% AST > 33 (U/L); 39.1% INR > 1.2; 73.9% albumin < 3.4 (g/dL); and 87% serum glucose > 110 (mg/dL). The observed mortality rate was 26.1%. Conclusion: Impaired organ function is common in patients with sepsis of pulmonary origin in southeastern Mexico. The prevailing epidemiological context increases the risk of associated mortality.