Assessment of Relation of Serum Uric Acid & Micro Albuminuria in the Patients of Diabetes Mellitus Type-2 for Early Detection of Diabetic Nephropathy

Abstract

Background: Diabetic Nephropathy is one of the serious and life perilous complications of diabetes mellitus. Prolong duration of diabetes, no proper care and management, poor glycemic control in diabetic nephropathy can lead to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). Objective: To assess the relation of serum uric acid & micro albuminuria in the patients of diabetes mellitus for early detection of diabetic nephropathy. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Medicine, LUMHS Jamshoro, with a total of 80 diabetic patients as case study subjects and 80 non-diabetic healthy participants as controls. Random glucose was measured using the gluco oxidase technique, and serum uric acid was measured using the uricase enzyme method in a calorimeter. Immunoterbidimetory kit technique was used to calculate microalbuminuria. Results: The mean value of random blood sugar (RBS) in the control group was 135 ± 10.11  mg/dl, but RBS in the case study group was 224 ± 13.52 mg/dl, indicating that RBS in the case study group was extremely significant (P < 0.001). The mean serum uric acid level in the control group was 4.7 ± 0.6 mg/dl, while it was 6.6 ± 1.4 mg/dl in the case study group, which is highly significant (P <0.001) with correlation (r= 0.34). Albumin in urine in the control group was 10 .2 ± 1.78 mg/gm, while it was 54± 10.34mg/gm in the case study group, which is a significant (P< 0.05) increase in the case study group with correlation (r= 0.28).  In diabetics, serum uric acid and microalbuminuria show a positive connection. Conclusion: This study concluded that there is strong positive relation of serum uric acid and micro albuminuria in diabetic patients for the early detection of diabetic nephropathy.