Artificial Intelligence and Internet of Things in Sericulture: Transforming Sustainability, Efficiency and Rural Livelihoods

Abstract

Sericulture remains a vital source of livelihood and a custodian of traditional knowledge in rural economies, particularly in Asia. However, the sector continues to grapple with persistent challenges such as climate variability, pest outbreaks, labour dependency, and inconsistent cocoon quality—factors that undermine its global competitiveness and sustainability. Recent advancements in Artificial Intelligence (AI), Machine Learning (ML), Internet of Things (IoT), and drone technologies offer promising avenues to modernise and future-proof sericulture. These tools facilitate early disease detection, predictive yield forecasting, automated cocoon grading, and real-time environmental monitoring, thereby enhancing operational efficiency across the value chain. Integration of smart technologies not only improves cocoon quality and productivity but also enables precision pest management and optimised resource utilisation, contributing to reduced chemical input and water use. Nonetheless, the sector faces barriers including high initial costs, limited digital literacy, and infrastructural constraints, which must be systematically addressed to ensure inclusive and scalable adoption. Strategic investments in policy support, research and development, and farmer capacity building are essential to unlock the full potential of these innovations. Embracing digital transformation will enable sericulture to align with global sustainability targets, meet the rising demand for eco-friendly and traceable silk products, and evolve into a resilient, technology-enabled industry that empowers rural communities and reinforces its role in the global textile economy.