Antifungal Activities of Fleshy Fungi against Phytopathogenic Fungi

Abstract

The inhibitory effect of forty species of fleshy fungi species (Auricularia sp., Clitocybe sp., Fistulina sp., Fomes sp.,  Laccaria sp., Lycoperdon sp., Schizophyllum commune , Phellinus sp. Tricholoma sp., Collybia sp., Coriolus versicolor, Flammulina sp., Inocybe  sp., Laetiporus sp., Lentinula sp., Lepiota sp., Mycena sp., Scleroderma sp., Thelephora sp., Trametes versicolor, Amanita sp., Coprinus sp., Pycnoporus sp., Cortinarius sp., Daldinia concentrica, Ganoderma lucidum , Hydnum sp., Hypholoma sp., Lactarius sp., Lentinus sp., Panaeolus sp., Polyporus sp., Qudemansiella sp., Stereum sp., Amanita sp. Xylaria sp., Cordyceps sp., Marasmius sp., Stropharia sp. and Russula sp.) were tested in vitro against nine phytopathogenic fungi (Rhizoctonia solani, Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Alternaria brassicae, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi, Fusarium solani f.sp. pisi, Phoma medicaginis, Colletotrichum capsici and Phytophthora nicotianae) causing fruit rot, leaf spot, root rot and wilt disease of various crops. The antagonistic interaction was found out on the basis of antagonism index value. The maximum antagonism index was found in Stropharia sp., Cordyceps sp., Pycnoporus sp. and Marasmius sp. which were showed very strong inhibition in dual culture. The inhibition includes deadlock at distance, complete or partial replacement of phytopathogenic fungi. During interaction 1080 pairing were carried out of which 82.50 % of pairing showed antagonistic effect against plant pathogen and 17.50 % pairing indicate adverse inhibitory effect over fleshy fungi. During mycelial interaction Phytophthora nicotianae, Sclerotium rolfsii, Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum exhibit strong competition against fleshy fungi. Thus it was proved that fleshy fungi have potential inhibitory effect over plant pathogens.