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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

An Overview of Artificial Insemination: A Journey from Past to Present

Prachi Sharma, Damini Arya, Anjali Arya, Shilpa Doultani, K. K. Hadiya, L.B. George, H. N. Highland

Journal of Scientific Research and Reports · pp. 449–458 · Published 13 May 2024

10.9734/jsrr/2024/v30i62061

Abstract

Artificial insemination (AI) has a rich history spanning centuries, beginning with early experiments in plant and animal reproduction. This article traces the development of AI from its earliest recorded instances in 1322 A.D. to modern-day advancements. Notable pioneers such as Spallanzani, Hunter, and Ivanoff contributed significantly to the evolution of AI techniques. The introduction of AI across various animal species, including cattle, horses, sheep, goats, pigs, and poultry, revolutionized breeding practices worldwide. Key milestones include the development of semen extenders, the invention of artificial vaginas for semen collection, and the advent of cryopreservation techniques. Moreover, advancements in sperm quality assessment and estrous synchronization further enhanced AI efficiency. The introduction of sexed semen technology has provided a means to control offspring gender, offering new avenues for genetic selection. Overall, AI has played a crucial role in improving livestock genetics, disease control, and reproductive efficiency, making significant contributions to agricultural productivity and sustainability.

Artificial Insemination estrous livestock selection semen extender

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