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Research Article Open access CC BY 4.0

An Investigation on the Oral Microbiota in Plaque Samples during Orthodontic Treatment

K. K. Shantha Sundari, R. Rajagopal, Rajagopalan Vijayaraghavan, S. Sasidharan

Journal of Pharmaceutical Research International · pp. 41–52 · Published 17 Feb 2022

10.9734/jpri/2022/v34i11B35544

Abstract

Malocclusion can be corrected by fixed orthodontic appliance therapy. However, ‌the‌ ‌complex‌ ‌appliance design‌‌ ‌and ‌‌the‌ ‌material‌ surface ‌characteristics of the appliance make mechanical debriding difficult, enabling biofilm formation. This‌ ‌study‌ ‌was performed‌ ‌to‌ investigate‌ the‌ ‌microbial‌ ‌load‌ ‌in‌ ‌‌plaque‌ at‌ ‌different‌ time ‌periods‌ ‌of‌ ‌the‌ ‌orthodontic‌ ‌therapy in participants with professionally well-maintained oral hygiene.‌ ‌This‌ ‌prospective‌ ‌study‌ was ‌conducted‌ ‌among‌ ‌12‌ ‌adult‌ ‌‌male‌ ‌participants. Six control (C batch) and six under orthodontic treatment (T batches). Simplified oral hygiene index OHI (S), Plaque index (PlI) and Russell’s Periodontal index (PI) scoring was performed for all subjects prior to sample collection. Plaque‌ ‌samples‌ ‌were‌ ‌collected‌ from both batch T,.and C at similar multiple intervals, corresponding with the sequential archwires for group T in regular use. ‌Six‌ ‌bacterial‌ ‌phyla‌‌ and‌ one‌ ‌fungal‌ ‌phyla ‌examined by subculture.‌ ‌Index scoring revealed that hygiene was maintained throughout study in both the control and treatment batches. A general increase in the microorganisms‌ was noticed,‌ in treatment group ‌reaching‌ ‌a‌ ‌peak‌ ‌at‌ ‌18th ‌month‌ ‌of‌ ‌treatment at T4 and reduced to pretreatment‌ ‌levels on debonding. Though, the microorganisms count increased during treatment, it was not exponential and can be considered favourable flora which matched with the good clinical oral health.

Orthodontic treatment stainless steel brackets stainless steel wires Niti wires plaque microbial load

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