Pregnancy Outcomes in Placental Abruption in a Tertiary Care Centre in Karnataka

Abstract

Background: Abruptio placenta is a serious obstetric emergency which requires adequate management to avoid catastrophic events including maternal death. Objective: To determine maternal and perinatal outcome and associate maternal risk factors on the outcome of pregnancy in patients with abruption whom we treated in the institute. Materials and Methods: Retrospective study of 64 cases of placental abruption carried out in the Obstetric Department in JJM Medical College, Davangere between October 2018 and September 2019. Results: The incidence of abruption was 0.65% (64 out of 9800 deliveries). Abruption more often occurred in multipara and women from lower socioeconomic status. It occurred most commonly between 26-30 yrs of women. Severe preeclampsia and previous history of caesarean section were leading associated risk factors (45% and 18% respectively). Anaemia was the commonest maternal complication followed by postpartum haemorrhage. Peripartum hysterectomy was done in two out of 64 cases. Maternal deaths were two. Conclusion: In this study we identified clinical profiles of patients with abruptio placentae. With early recognition of the pre-existing risk factors, timely diagnosis and early intervention, the maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality can be significantly reduced.