Acute and Long-Term Outcomes of Hypertensive Crisis and Hypertensive Emergency in Patients Accompanied by Orthostatic Hypotension

Abstract

Introduction: Hypertensive crisis and hypertensive emergency are urgent medical conditions characterized by severely elevated blood pressure levels, often exceeding systolic values of 180 mmHg and/or diastolic values of 120 mmHg. The acute outcomes of hypertensive crisis and hypertensive emergency in patients with orthostatic hypotension include an increased risk of cerebrovascular events, such as ischemic and hemorrhagic strokes, as well as myocardial infarction. Review of Literature: Orthostatic hypotension has been associated with various adverse outcomes, including syncope, stroke, CVD, and mortality. However, the effects of interventions targeting OH have yet to be extensively reported. It is important to understand the long-term outcomes in individuals with orthostatic hypotension and hypertensive episodes, but not many studies have shed light on this complex clinical scenario. The only literature available focuses on the mortality and morbidity of orthostatic hypotension rather than the outcomes of superimposed hypertensive urgency. Discussion: The study reported secondary outcomes such as readmission rates, in-hospital mortality, stroke, acute kidney injury, and other complications. The study suggests that focusing on preventing orthostatic hypotension symptoms while tolerating some degree of supine hypertension may be a reasonable approach to management. Conclusion: Influence the relationship between orthostatic hypotension and hypertensive emergencies. These conditions further complicate the management and outcomes of hypertensive crises and emergencies.